The Gemara asks: From where do we derive that the judges must stand? Rabbi Yitzḥak bar Ami says: It is derived from that which the verse states about Eglon: “And Ehud came to him, and he was sitting by himself alone in his cool upper chamber. And Ehud said: I have a message from God [Elohim] to you. And he arose out of his seat” (Judges 3:20). And are these matters not inferred a fortiori? And if Eglon, king of Moab, who was a gentile and knew the name of God only by an appellation, stood in honor, all the more so must a Jew stand if he hears the ineffable name.
(ו) יֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁאֵין צְרִיכִין לַעֲמֹד בְּקַדִּישׁ, אַךְ כָּל קַדִּישׁ שֶׁתָּפְסוּ בַּעֲמִידָה, כְּגוֹן אַחַר הַלֵּל, יֵשׁ לַעֲמֹד עוֹד בּוֹ, עַד לְאַחַר אָמֵן יְהֵא שְׁמֵיה רַבָּא. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁיֵּשׁ לַעֲמֹד תָּמִיד, לְקַדִּישׁ וְלִשְׁאָר דָּבָר שֶׁבִּקְדֻשָּׁה, דְּיֵשׁ לִלְמֹד בְּקַל וָחֹמֶר מֵעֶגְלוֹן מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב, דִּכְתִיב וְאֵהוּד בָּא אֵלָיו וְגוֹ' וַיֹּאמֶר אֵהוּד דְּבַר אֱלֹהִים לִי אֵלֶיךָ וַיָּקָם מֵעַל הַכִּסֵּא, וּמָה עֶגְלוֹן מֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב שֶׁהָיָה עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים קָם לִדְבַר ה', כָּל שֶׁכֵּן אֲנַחְנוּ עַמּוֹ, וְכֵן יֵשׁ לְהַחְמִיר. (נ"ו)
with regard to the Moabites themselves, is it not clear all the more so that they should be attacked? To counter this, the Holy One, Blessed be He, said to him: That which has entered your mind has not entered Mine, because I have two virtuous fledglings [feridot], i.e., girls, to extract from them: Ruth the Moabite, who will be the foremother of the dynasty of David, and Naamah the Ammonite, Solomon’s wife, from whom the continuation of that dynasty will emerge. For the sake of these women, the Moabites and Ammonites must not be destroyed. Ulla continued: And are these matters not inferred a fortiori? If for the sake of two virtuous fledglings the Holy One, Blessed be He, had pity on two large nations and did not destroy them, then if the daughter of my teacher, Rav Shmuel bar Yehuda, was righteous, and she had the potential for something good to emerge from her, it is all the more so clear that she would have lived. He rewards every person for his good reward. its Rabbi Yoḥanan says: The Holy One, Blessed be He, does not deprive any creature of that Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba says§ Having mentioned the Moabites and Ammonites, the Gemara cites that deeds, and provides reward even for using pleasant speech by using euphemisms. As with regard to the descendants of the elder of the two daughters of Lot, who said that the name of her son, whom she conceived with her father, would be Moab, meaning: From father, the Holy One, Blessed be He, said to Moses: “Do not be at enmity with Moab, neither contend with them in battle,” indicating that specifically a full-fledged battle was not authorized but that the Jewish people could impose forced labor [angarya] on them. By contrast, with regard to the descendants of the younger daughter, who said her son’s name would be ben Ami, meaning: Son of my nation, merely alluding to the fact she conceived him through an incestuous union, the Holy One, Blessed be He said to Moses: “And when you come near against the children of Ammon, do not harass them, nor contend with them” (Deuteronomy 2:19). In other words, do not contend with them at all; do not even impose forced labor on them. This additional prohibition was a reward for her employing a euphemism when naming her son. hasten to perform a Rabbi Yehoshua ben Korḥa says: A person should always that Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba says with regard to the daughters of Lot, Andmitzva, as due to the one night by which the elder daughter of Lot preceded the younger daughter, with the intention of performing a mitzva by bringing children into the world, she preceded her by four generations in having her descendants enter into the Jewish people. They are: Obed, son of Ruth the Moabite, Yishai, David, and Solomon. Whereas, the descendants of the younger daughter did not join the Jewish people until Rehoboam, Solomon’s son, was born, as it is written: “And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite” (I Kings 14:31).
Rav said: A person should always occupy himself with Torah and mitzvot even not for their own sake, as that itself. Rav Yehuda said above matter the§ The Gemara returns to analyze in greater detail through these acts performed not for their own sake, good deeds for their own sake come about. The proof for this is that in reward for the forty-two offerings that the wicked Balak sacrificed (see Numbers, chapter 23), although he did not do so for the sake of Heaven but to facilitate the cursing of the Jewish people, nevertheless he merited that Ruth descended from him. Not only was he the forebear of a righteous convert, but also of King David. And this is as Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, said: Ruth was the daughter of the son of Eglon, king of Moab, who descended from Balak, king of Moab.
(27) Benjamin is a ravenous wolf; In the morning he consumes the foe, And in the evening he divides the spoil.”
A lone wolf; attacks suddenly and viciously and then departs in haste.
(ז) ויש אומרים שתקנו בברכה זו ששה לשונות כנגד ששה מישראל שנלחמו בעמלק. הרב את ריבנו על ידי יהושע שנא' ויחלוש יהושע את עמלק ואת עמו לפי חרב. והדן את דיננו על ידי אהוד בן גרא בן הימיני שהרג את עגלון מלך מואב והיו עמו עמון ועמלק שנאמר ויאסוף אליו את בני עמון ועמלק וילך ויך את ישראל וכתי' ויקם ה' להם מושיע את אהוד בן גרא. והנוקם את נקמתינו על ידי גדעון שנאמר שם וכל מדין ועמלק ובני קדם נאספו יחדיו. והנפרע לנו מצרינו על ידי שאול שנלחם בעמלק. והמשלם גמול לכל אויבי נפשינו על ידי דוד בצקלג שנאמ' שם והעמלקי פשטו אל הנגב ואל צקלג. והחתימה הנפרע לעמו ישראל מכל צריהם כנגד הנס של מרדכי ואסתר. האל המושיע לימות המשיח.
שלא העמיד שופט - מושיע את ישראל אותן שהיו משמת יהושע ועד שמואל שמשח שאול למלך יהושע מאפרים אהוד מבנימין גדעון ממנשה הרי מבני רחל שמשון מדן ברק מקדש מנפתלי הרי מבני בלהה אבצן זה בועז מיהודה עלי מלוי תולע מיששכר אלון הזבולני מזבולן אלו מפורשים אבל עתניאל ויפתח ושמגר ויאיר ועבדון לא ידעתי שמות שבטיהן ומראובן ושמעון גד ואשר לא מצאתי מפורש: