Questions:
1. What does it mean the world "stands" on something? What world? I thought earth floats…
2. Why is it דווקא these three things that hold up the world?
(ב) שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק הָיָה מִשְּׁיָרֵי כְנֶסֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה. הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר, עַל שְׁלשָׁה דְבָרִים הָעוֹלָם עוֹמֵד, עַל הַתּוֹרָה וְעַל הָעֲבוֹדָה וְעַל גְּמִילוּת חֲסָדִים:
(2) Shimon the Righteous was one of the last of the men of the great assembly. He used to say: the world stands upon three things: the Torah, the Service, and the practice of acts of piety.
תורה = Head/Intellect = בין אדם לעצמו
עבודה = Emotions = בין אדם למקום
גמילות חסדים = Body = בין אדם לחבירו
(יב) וַֽיַּחֲלֹ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֤ה סֻלָּם֙ מֻצָּ֣ב אַ֔רְצָה וְרֹאשׁ֖וֹ מַגִּ֣יעַ הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה וְהִנֵּה֙ מַלְאֲכֵ֣י אֱלֹהִ֔ים עֹלִ֥ים וְיֹרְדִ֖ים בּֽוֹ׃
(12) He had a dream; a ladder was set on the ground and its top reached to the Heaven, and messengers of God were going up and down on it.
דָּבָר אַחֵר: גְּדוֹלָה מִילָה — שֶׁאִלְמָלֵא הִיא, לֹא בָּרָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶת עוֹלָמוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״כֹּה אָמַר ה׳ אִם לֹא בְרִיתִי יוֹמָם וָלָיְלָה חֻקּוֹת שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ לֹא שָׂמְתִּי״.
Alternatively, so great is the mitzva of circumcision that if not for it the Holy One, Blessed be He, would not have created His world, as it is stated: “Thus says the Lord: If My covenant be not with day and night, I would not have appointed the ordinances of heaven and earth” (Jeremiah 33:25)
(אָמַר) רַבִּי חִיָּיא בַּר אַבָּא אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: אֲפִילּוּ בִּשְׁבִיל צַדִּיק אֶחָד הָעוֹלָם מִתְקַיֵּים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְצַדִּיק יְסוֹד עוֹלָם״.
Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said that Rabbi Yoḥanan said: Even for one righteous person the world exists, as it is stated: “But the righteous is the foundation of the world” (Proverbs 10:25).
(ד) וַיַּ֧רְא אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הָא֖וֹר כִּי־ט֑וֹב וַיַּבְדֵּ֣ל אֱלֹהִ֔ים בֵּ֥ין הָא֖וֹר וּבֵ֥ין הַחֹֽשֶׁךְ׃
(4) God saw that the light was good, and God separated the light from the darkness.
"Equation" for Permanence:
קיום <-- טוב <-- שלם
Something can only be "Tov" if it is "Shalem," and something only has "Kiyum" (existence/permanence) if it is "Tov." Therefore, once something is "Shalem," it is considered "Tov" and therefore has "Kiyum."