There are three psalms where Jeduthun is mentioned in the superscription:
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ לידיתון [לִֽידוּת֗וּן] מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃
To the chief Musician, for Yedutun, A Psalm of David.
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ עַֽל־יְדוּת֗וּן מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִֽד׃
To the chief Musician, to Yedutun, A Psalm of David.
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ עַֽל־ידיתון [יְדוּת֗וּן] לְאָסָ֥ף מִזְמֽוֹר׃
To the chief Musician, to Yedutun, A Psalm of Asaf.
In the narrative and genealogical writings in scripture we get a more well-rounded understanding of Jeduthun as a Levite, a singer, one of three choirmasters for David, and the father of faithful Levites who will continue to serve and to sing for many generations:
וַיַּֽעֲזָב־שָׁ֗ם לִפְנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה לְאָסָ֖ף וּלְאֶחָ֑יו לְשָׁרֵ֞ת לִפְנֵ֧י הָאָר֛וֹן תָּמִ֖יד לִדְבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמֽוֹ׃ וְעֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם וַאֲחֵיהֶ֖ם שִׁשִּׁ֣ים וּשְׁמוֹנָ֑ה וְעֹבֵ֨ד אֱדֹ֧ם בֶּן־יְדִית֛וּן וְחֹסָ֖ה לְשֹׁעֲרִֽים׃
So he left there before the ark of the covenant of the Lord Asaf and his brethren, to minister before the ark continually, as every day’s work required: and ῾Oved-edom with their brethren, sixty eight; and ῾Oved-edom the son of Yeditun and Ḥosa to be doorkeepers:
כָּל־אֵ֨לֶּה בָנִ֜ים לְהֵימָ֗ן חֹזֵ֥ה הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ בְּדִבְרֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים לְהָרִ֣ים קָ֑רֶן וַיִּתֵּ֨ן הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים לְהֵימָ֗ן בָּנִ֛ים אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר וּבָנ֥וֹת שָׁלֽוֹשׁ׃
all these were the sons of Heman the king’s seer according to the word of God, who bade to lift up his horn. And God gave to Heman fourteen sons and three daughters.
וַיְהִ֕י בְּצֵ֥את הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים מִן־הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ כִּ֠י כָּל־הַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים הַֽנִּמְצְאִים֙ הִתְקַדָּ֔שׁוּ אֵ֖ין לִשְׁמ֥וֹר לְמַחְלְקֽוֹת׃ וְהַלְוִיִּ֣ם הַמְשֹׁרֲרִ֣ים לְכֻלָּ֡ם לְאָסָ֡ף לְהֵימָ֣ן לִֽ֠ידֻתוּן וְלִבְנֵיהֶ֨ם וְלַאֲחֵיהֶ֜ם מְלֻבָּשִׁ֣ים בּ֗וּץ בִּמְצִלְתַּ֙יִם֙ וּבִנְבָלִ֣ים וְכִנֹּר֔וֹת עֹמְדִ֖ים מִזְרָ֣ח לַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וְעִמָּהֶ֤ם כֹּֽהֲנִים֙ לְמֵאָ֣ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֔ים מחצררים [מַחְצְרִ֖ים] בַּחֲצֹֽצְרֽוֹת׃
And it came to pass, when the priests were come out of the holy place: (for all the priests that were present had sanctified themselves, and did not then keep to their duty watches: also the Levites who were the singers, all of them of Asaf, of Heman, of Yedutun, with their sons and their brethren, clothed in white linen, having cymbals and lutes and lyres, stood at the east end of the altar, and with them a hundred and twenty priests sounding the trumpets:)
בָּנַ֕י עַתָּ֖ה אַל־תִּשָּׁל֑וּ כִּֽי־בָכֶ֞ם בָּחַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה לַעֲמֹ֤ד לְפָנָיו֙ לְשָׁ֣רְת֔וֹ וְלִהְי֥וֹת ל֖וֹ מְשָׁרְתִ֥ים וּמַקְטִרִֽים׃ (ס) וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ הַ֠לְוִיִּם מַ֣חַת בֶּן־עֲמָשַׂ֞י וְיוֹאֵ֣ל בֶּן־עֲזַרְיָהוּ֮ מִן־בְּנֵ֣י הַקְּהָתִי֒ וּמִן־בְּנֵ֣י מְרָרִ֔י קִ֚ישׁ בֶּן־עַבְדִּ֔י וַעֲזַרְיָ֖הוּ בֶּן־יְהַלֶּלְאֵ֑ל וּמִן־הַגֵּ֣רְשֻׁנִּ֔י יוֹאָח֙ בֶּן־זִמָּ֔ה וְעֵ֖דֶן בֶּן־יוֹאָֽח׃ וּמִן־בְּנֵי֙ אֱלִ֣יצָפָ֔ן שִׁמְרִ֖י ויעואל [וִיעִיאֵ֑ל] וּמִן־בְּנֵ֣י אָסָ֔ף זְכַרְיָ֖הוּ וּמַתַּנְיָֽהוּ׃ (ס) וּמִן־בְּנֵ֥י הֵימָ֖ן יחואל [יְחִיאֵ֣ל] וְשִׁמְעִ֑י (ס) וּמִן־בְּנֵ֣י יְדוּת֔וּן שְׁמַֽעְיָ֖ה וְעֻזִּיאֵֽל׃
My sons, be not now negligent: for the Lord has chosen you to stand before him, to serve him, and that you should minister to him, and burn incense. Then the Levites arose, Maĥat the son of ῾Amasay, and Yo᾽el the son of ῾Azaryahu, of the sons of the Qehati: and of the sons of Merari, Qish the son of ῾Avdi, and ῾Azaryahu the son of Yehallel᾽el: and of the Gershoni; Yo᾽aĥ the son of Zimma, and ῾Eden the son of Yo᾽aĥ: and of the sons of Eliżafan; Shimri, and Ye῾i᾽el: and of the sons of Asaf; Zekharyahu, and Mattanyahu: And of the sons of Heman; Yeĥi᾽el, and Shim῾i: and of the sons of Yedutun; Shema῾ya, and ῾Uzzi᾽el.
וְהַמְשֹֽׁרֲרִ֨ים בְּנֵי־אָסָ֜ף עַל־מַעֲמָדָ֗ם כְּמִצְוַ֤ת דָּוִיד֙ וְאָסָ֞ף וְהֵימָ֤ן וִֽידֻתוּן֙ חוֹזֵ֣ה הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְהַשֹּׁעֲרִ֖ים לְשַׁ֣עַר וָשָׁ֑עַר אֵ֣ין לָהֶ֗ם לָסוּר֙ מֵעַ֣ל עֲבֹֽדָתָ֔ם כִּֽי־אֲחֵיהֶ֥ם הַלְוִיִּ֖ם הֵכִ֥ינוּ לָהֶֽם׃
And the singers the sons of Asaf were in their place, according to the commandment of David, and Asaf, and Heman, and Yedutun the king’s seer; and the gatekeepers were posted at every gate; they might not depart from their service; for their brethren the Levites prepared for them.
And finally, some resources and references:
† יְדוּתוּן, יְדֻתוּן n.pr.m. usually יְדוּתוּן; יְדֻתוּן 2 Ch 5:12; 35:15; יְדיּ֯תוּן ψ 39:1; 77:1; Ne 11:17; 1 Ch 16:38; chief of one of the three choirs of the temple (only Chr & ψ-titles) 1 Ch 9:16; 16:38, 41, 42; 25:3(×3), 6 2 Ch 5:12; the king’s seer 35:15; his descendants formed one of the perpetual temple choirs בְּנֵי יְדוּתוּן 1 Ch 16:42; 25:1, 3 2 Ch 29:14; בֶּן־יְדיּ֯תוּן Ne 11:17. In ψ-titles על ידותון ψ 62:1, 77:1 (Qr); לִידיּתוּן 39:1 (לְ error for על־), all = after the manner of (the choir of) Yeduthun (musical term according to RSOTJC 442, 2nd ed. 143).—v. also LagOr ii. 16ff. and n.pr. אָסָף, הֵימָן (sub אמן), אֵיתָן (sub יתן).
יְדוּתוּן (n-pr-m) x-pn
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- Jeduthun = "praising"
- a Levite of the family of Merari and the chief of one of the 3 choirs of the temple whose descendants also formed one of the perpetual temple choirs; he is named at the beginning of 3 Psalms (Ps 39:1; 62:1; 77:1) either as the composer or the recipient of those Psalms but most likely as the leader of the choir by which those Psalms were to be sung
Source: מקור: Open Scriptures on GitHub
Creator: יוצר: Based on the work of Larry Pierce at the Online Bible