Spirit of Shabbat: Shelach L'cha June 29, 2024/23 Sivan 5784

(י) וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ כׇּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה לִרְגּ֥וֹם אֹתָ֖ם בָּאֲבָנִ֑ים וּכְב֣וֹד יְהֹוָ֗ה נִרְאָה֙ בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד אֶֽל־כׇּל־בְּנֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ {פ}
(יא) וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהֹוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה עַד־אָ֥נָה יְנַאֲצֻ֖נִי הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה וְעַד־אָ֙נָה֙ לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ בִ֔י בְּכֹל֙ הָֽאֹת֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃ (יב) אַכֶּ֥נּוּ בַדֶּ֖בֶר וְאוֹרִשֶׁ֑נּוּ וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ אֹֽתְךָ֔ לְגוֹי־גָּד֥וֹל וְעָצ֖וּם מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ (יג) וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶל־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְשָׁמְע֣וּ מִצְרַ֔יִם כִּֽי־הֶעֱלִ֧יתָ בְכֹחֲךָ֛ אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה מִקִּרְבּֽוֹ׃ (יד) וְאָמְר֗וּ אֶל־יוֹשֵׁב֮ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּאת֒ שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה יְהֹוָ֔ה בְּקֶ֖רֶב הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה אֲשֶׁר־עַ֨יִן בְּעַ֜יִן נִרְאָ֣ה ׀ אַתָּ֣ה יְהֹוָ֗ה וַעֲנָֽנְךָ֙ עֹמֵ֣ד עֲלֵהֶ֔ם וּבְעַמֻּ֣ד עָנָ֗ן אַתָּ֨ה הֹלֵ֤ךְ לִפְנֵיהֶם֙ יוֹמָ֔ם וּבְעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ לָֽיְלָה׃ (טו) וְהֵמַתָּ֛ה אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה כְּאִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֑ד וְאָֽמְרוּ֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־שָׁמְע֥וּ אֶֽת־שִׁמְעֲךָ֖ לֵאמֹֽר׃ (טז) מִבִּלְתִּ֞י יְכֹ֣לֶת יְהֹוָ֗ה לְהָבִיא֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נִשְׁבַּ֣ע לָהֶ֑ם וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ (יז) וְעַתָּ֕ה יִגְדַּל־נָ֖א כֹּ֣חַ אֲדֹנָ֑י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ לֵאמֹֽר׃

Numbers 14:10-17

(10) As the whole community threatened to pelt them with stones, the Presence of יהוה appeared in the Tent of Meeting to all the Israelites. (11) And יהוה said to Moses, “How long will this people spurn Me, and how long will they have no faith in Me despite all the signs that I have performed in their midst? (12) I will strike them with pestilence and disown them, and I will make of you a nation far more numerous than they!” (13) But Moses said to יהוה, “When the Egyptians, from whose midst You brought up this people in Your might, hear the news, (14) they will tell it to the inhabitants of that land. Now they have heard that You, יהוה, are in the midst of this people; that You, יהוה, appear in plain sight when Your cloud rests over them and when You go before them in a pillar of cloud by day and in a pillar of fire by night. (15) If then You slay this people wholesale,*wholesale Lit. “like a single participant,” i.e., without discrimination; NJPS “to a man,” trad. “as one man.” See the Dictionary under ’ish. the nations who have heard Your fame will say, (16) ‘It must be because יהוה was powerless to bring that people into the land promised them on oath that [that god] slaughtered them in the wilderness.’ (17) Therefore, I pray, let my Lord’s forbearance be great, as You have declared, saying,*saying Cf. Exod. 34.6–7.

ספורנו על במדבר י״ד:י״א:א׳

עד אנה ינאצוני. עד איזה גבול מהבזוי אסבול שיבזוני:

Sforno on Numbers 14:11:1

?עד אנה ינאצוני, “What is the limit of their spurning Me? How long am I supposed to tolerate the disdain with which they treat Me?

ספורנו על במדבר י״ד:י״א:ב׳

ועד אנה לא יאמינו בי. עד איזה גבול מהפלאות אעשה קודם שיבטחו בי וישענו על דברי:

Sforno on Numbers 14:11:2

?ועד אנה לא יאמינו לי, How many more miracles must I perform for them until they will rely on My word?

במדבר רבה י״ח:ו׳

וַיַּקְהֵל עֲלֵיהֶם קֹרַח (במדבר טז, יט), אָמַר לָהֶם (במדבר טז, ג): כָל הָעֵדָה כֻּלָּם קְדשִׁים, וְכֻלָּם שָׁמְעוּ בְּסִינַי (שמות כ, ב): אָנֹכִי ה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ, (במדבר טז, ג): וּמַדּוּעַ תִּתְנַשְֹּׂאוּ עַל קְהַל ה', אִלְמָלֵא אַתֶּם שְׁמַעְתֶּם לְבַדְּכֶם וְהֵם לֹא שָׁמְעוּ, הֱיִיתֶם אוֹמְרִים, עַכְשָׁו כֻּלָּם שָׁמְעוּ וּמַדּוּעַ תִּתְנַשְֹּׂאוּ. מִיָּד נִזְדַּעְזַע משֶׁה מִפְּנֵי הַמַּחֲלֹקֶת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁכְּבָר הָיָה בְּיָדָן סִרְחוֹן רְבִיעִי. מָשָׁל לְבֶן מֶלֶךְ שֶׁסָּרַח עַל אָבִיו וּפִיֵּס עָלָיו אוֹהֲבוֹ פַּעַם שְׁתַּיִם וְשָׁלשׁ, כְּשֶׁסָּרַח רְבִיעִית נִתְרַשְׁלוּ יְדֵי אוֹהֲבוֹ שֶׁל מֶלֶךְ, אָמַר כַּמָּה פְּעָמִים אַטְרִיחַ אֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ. אַף כָּאן משֶׁה, חָטְאוּ בָּעֵגֶל (שמות לב, יא): וַיְחַל משֶׁה, (במדבר יא, א): וַיְהִי הָעָם כְּמִתְאֹנְנִים, (במדבר יא, ב): וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל משֶׁה, בַּמְּרַגְּלִים (במדבר יד, יג): וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה אֶל ה' וְשָׁמְעוּ מִצְרַיִם, בְּמַחְלָקְתּוֹ שֶׁל קֹרַח אָמַר כַּמָּה אוּכַל לְהַטְרִיחַ אֶת הַמָקוֹם, לְפִיכָךְ (במדבר טז, ד): וַיִּשְׁמַע משֶׁה וַיִּפֹּל עַל פָּנָיו.

Bamidbar Rabbah 18:6

“Koraḥ assembled…against them” (Numbers 16:19)...’

Moses was immediately shaken due to the dispute, because this was already their fourth wrongdoing.

This is analogous to a king’s son who wronged his father. His dear friend placated him [the king] once, twice, three times. When he committed a fourth wrongdoing, the hands of the king’s dear friend were rendered powerless. He said: ‘How many times can I impose upon the king?’

So it was with Moses. They sinned with the calf – “Moses prayed” (Exodus 32:11). “The people were as complainers” (Numbers 11:1) – “Moses prayed” (Numbers 11:2). Regarding the spies – “Moses said: Egypt will hear…” (Numbers 14:13).

Regarding Koraḥ’s dispute, he said: ‘How much can I impose upon the Omnipresent?’ That is why: “Moses heard and he fell on his face” (Numbers 16:4).

במדבר רבה ט״ז:כ״ה

( שֶׁלֹא יִהְיוּ אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם אוֹמְרִים אֱלֹהֵי כְּנַעַן קָשִׁים הֵם מֵאֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם, אֱלֹהֵיהֶן שֶׁל מִצְרַיִם שֶׁקֶר הֵם אֲבָל שֶׁל כְּנַעַן שֶׁל בַּעַל הֵם, (במדבר יד, יד-טו): וְאָמְרוּ אֶל יוֹשֵׁב, מִבִּלְתִּי יְכֹלֶת ה', מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹא הָיָה לוֹ יְכוֹלֶת לְהוֹסִיף לָהֶם מְזוֹנוֹת הוֹצִיאָם לַהֲמִיתָם בַּמִּדְבָּר, וְאֵין לְשׁוֹן יְכֹלֶת אֶלָּא מְזוֹנוֹת, כְּמָה דְתֵימָא (מלכים א ה, כה): עֶשְׂרִים אֶלֶף כֹּר חִטִּים מַכֹּלֶת לְבֵיתוֹ. דָּבָר אַחֵר, שֶׁלֹא יִהְיוּ אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם נוֹהֲגִין בְּךָ כְּאַכְזָרִי, לוֹמַר בָּא דּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל וְאִבְּדָן, בָּא דּוֹר הַפְלָגָה וּבָאוּ סְדוֹמִים וּבָאוּ מִצְרִים וְאִבְּדָן, אַף אֵלּוּ שֶׁקְּרָאָן (שמות ד, כב): בְּנִי בְּכוֹרִי, הֲרֵי הוּא מְכַלֶּה אוֹתָן, כַּלִּילִית הַזּוֹ שֶׁאֵינָהּ מוֹצְאָה כְּלוּם וְהִיא הוֹפֶכֶת עַל בָּנֶיהָ, כָּךְ מִבִּלְתִּי יְכֹלֶת ה'.

Bamidbar Rabbah 16:25

1) THEOLOGICAL:

"[Do not destroy them] so the nations of the world will not say that the gods of Canaan are stronger than the gods of Egypt. The gods of Egypt are false, but those of Canaan are substantial.

2) POWER
“Due to the Lord’s lack of ability [yekholet]” (Numbers 14:16) – because God did not have the ability to continue providing them with food, God took them out to kill them in the wilderness. The expression yekholet means nothing other than food, just as it says: “Twenty thousand kor of wheat, provision [makolet] for his household” (I Kings 5:25).

3) MERCY/KINDNESS
Another matter, [do not destroy them] so the nations of the world will not relate to You as cruel, saying: ‘The generation of the Flood came and God eradicated them. The generation of the Dispersion came, the Sodomites came, the Egyptians came, and God eradicated them. These, too, whom God called: “My son, My firstborn” (Exodus 4:22), behold, God is eradicating them, like this Lilit,25The queen of the demons. who does not find anything, and turns against her children.’ So, it is, “due to the Lord’s lack of yekholet.”

Moses’ prayer here is not unique. Moshe Weinfeld, adducing many similar biblical texts, writes, “Appealing to the fame of God and his reputation is a common motif in the national prayers.”^[14] All of these passages seem to assume that the gentiles believe that God is weak, non-existent, or is rejecting Israel, rather than suggesting that God is punishing Israel, which is a most unlikely sentiment for gentiles to believe in. All these texts ask God to have mercy in order to preserve God's own reputation as the powerful God of Israel.
--Prof. Rabbi Marty Lockshin

ברכות ז׳ א:א׳-ד׳

אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יוֹסֵי: מִנַּיִן שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִתְפַּלֵּל? שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַהֲבִיאוֹתִים אֶל הַר קָדְשִׁי וְשִׂמַּחְתִּים בְּבֵית תְּפִלָּתִי״, ״תְּפִלָּתָם״ לֹא נֶאֱמַר, אֶלָּא ״תְּפִלָּתִי״, מִכָּאן שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִתְפַּלֵּל. מַאי מְצַלֵּי? אָמַר רַב זוּטְרָא בַּר טוֹבִיָּה, אָמַר רַב: ״יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנַי שֶׁיִּכְבְּשׁוּ רַחֲמַי אֶת כַּעֲסִי, וְיִגּוֹלּוּ רַחֲמַי עַל מִדּוֹתַי, וְאֶתְנַהֵג עִם בָּנַי בְּמִדַּת רַחֲמִים, וְאֶכָּנֵס לָהֶם לִפְנִים מִשּׁוּרַת הַדִּין״. תַּנְיָא, אָמַר רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בֶּן אֱלִישָׁע: פַּעַם אַחַת, נִכְנַסְתִּי לְהַקְטִיר קְטוֹרֶת לִפְנַי וְלִפְנִים, וְרָאִיתִי אַכְתְּרִיאֵל יָהּ ה׳ צְבָאוֹת, שֶׁהוּא יוֹשֵׁב עַל כִּסֵּא רָם וְנִשָּׂא, וְאָמַר לִי: ״יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּנִי, בָּרְכֵנִי!״ אָמַרְתִּי לוֹ: ״יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּפָנֶיךָ, שֶׁיִּכְבְּשׁוּ רַחֲמֶיךָ אֶת כַּעַסְךָ, וְיִגּוֹלּוּ רַחֲמֶיךָ עַל מִדּוֹתֶיךָ, וְתִתְנַהֵג עִם בָּנֶיךָ בְּמִדַּת הָרַחֲמִים, וְתִכָּנֵס לָהֶם לִפְנִים מִשּׁוּרַת הַדִּין״. וְנִעְנַע לִי בְּרֹאשׁוֹ. וְקָמַשְׁמַע לַן, שֶׁלֹּא תְּהֵא בִּרְכַּת הֶדְיוֹט קַלָּה בְּעֵינֶיךָ.

Berakhot 7a:1-4

Along the same lines, Rabbi Yoḥanan said in the name of Rabbi Yosei: From where is it derived that the Holy Blessed One prays? As it is stated: “I will bring them to My holy mountain, and make them joyful in the house of My prayer” (Isaiah 56:7). The verse does not say the house of their prayer, but rather, “the house of My prayer”; from here we see that the Holy Blessed One, prays.

The Gemara asks: What does God pray? Rav Zutra bar Tovia said that Rav said:
God says: May it be My will that My mercy will overcome My anger towards Israel for their transgressions, and may My mercy prevail over My other attributes through which Israel is punished, and may I conduct myself toward My children, Israel, with the attribute of mercy, and may I enter before them beyond the letter of the law.

Similarly, it was taught in a baraita that Rabbi Yishmael ben Elisha, the High Priest, said: Once, on Yom Kippur, I entered the innermost sanctum, the Holy of Holies, to offer incense, and in a vision I saw Akatriel Ya, the Lord of Hosts, one of the names of God expressing ultimate authority, seated upon a high and exalted throne (see Isaiah 6). And God said to me: Yishmael, My son, bless Me.

I said to God the prayer that God prays: “May it be Your will that Your mercy overcome Your anger, and may Your mercy prevail over Your other attributes,
and may You act toward Your children with the attribute of mercy,
and may You enter before them beyond the letter of the law.”

The Holy Blessed One nodded their head and accepted the blessing. This event teaches us that you should not take the blessing of an ordinary person lightly. If God asked for and accepted a man’s blessing, all the more so that a man must value the blessing of another man.