הָנֵי חֲמִשָּׁה הָווּ?
וַאֲנַן שִׁיתָּא תְּנַן!
שְׁתִיָּה בִּכְלַל אֲכִילָה הִיא.
דְּאָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ: מִנַּיִן לִשְׁתִיָּה שֶׁהִיא בִּכְלַל אֲכִילָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְאָכַלְתָּ לִפְנֵי ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ מַעְשַׂר דְּגָנְךָ תִּירוֹשְׁךָ וְיִצְהָרֶךָ״
תִּירוֹשׁ חַמְרָא הוּא, וְקָרֵי לֵיהּ ״וְאָכַלְתָּ״.
Are these five the only afflictions?
We learn in the mishna that there are six: Eating, drinking, bathing, smearing oil, conjugal relations, and wearing shoes.
The Gemara answers: Drinking is included in the prohibition of eating; both together are considered a single affliction.
As Reish Lakish said: "From where do we derive that drinking is included in the concept of eating? As it is stated: 'And you shall eat before the Lord your God, in the place where He shall choose to cause His name to dwell there, the tithe of your grain, of your wine [tirosh], and of your oil' (Deuteronomy 14:23)."
Tirosh is wine is wine, but the verse calls it “and you shall eat”.
״וַיְהִי טוֹחֵן בְּבֵית הָאֲסוּרִים״. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: אֵין טְחִינָה אֶלָּא לְשׁוֹן עֲבֵירָה, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״תִּטְחַן לְאַחֵר אִשְׁתִּי״. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁכׇּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד הֵבִיא לוֹ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ לְבֵית הָאֲסוּרִים כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּתְעַבֵּר הֵימֶנּוּ.
אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: הַיְינוּ דְּאָמְרִי אִינָשֵׁי: קַמֵּי דְּשָׁתֵי חַמְרָא — חַמְרָא, קַמֵּי רָפוֹקָא (גְּרִידְיָא — דּוּבְלָא).
With regard to Samson’s capture, the verse states: “And the Philistines laid hold on him, and put out his eyes; and they brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison-house” (Judges 16:21). Rabbi Yoḥanan says: Grinding is nothing other than a language of a transgression of sexual intercourse, and so the verse says: “Then let my wife grind unto another man” (Job 31:10). This teaches that each and every Philistine man brought his wife to the prison in order that she should be impregnated by Samson.
Rav Pappa said: "This is an example of the folk saying that people say: 'Before a wine drinker, wine; before one who digs in the ground, figs.'"
מַאי ״עַיִן לֹא רָאָתָה״?
אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי: זֶה יַיִן הַמְשׁוּמָּר בַּעֲנָבָיו מִשֵּׁשֶׁת יְמֵי בְּרֵאשִׁית.
What is this reward about which it is said: “No eye has seen it”?
Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: "That is the wine that has been preserved in its grapes since the six days of creation."
Rabbi Abbahu said: "These are people who would eat and drink with each other, and join their beds to each other, and swap wives with each other, and defile their beds with semen that was not theirs."
אָמַר רַבִּי בֶּרֶכְיָה: הָרוֹצֶה לְנַסֵּךְ יַיִן עַל גַּבֵּי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ — יְמַלֵּא גְּרוֹנָם שֶׁל תַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים יַיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״אֲלֵיכֶם אִישִׁים אֶקְרָא״.
Rabbi Berekhya said, "One who wishes to pour libations of wine over the altar should fill the throats of Torah scholars with wine, as it is stated: 'To you men [ishim] do I call' (Prov. 8:4)."
Shmuel said to Rav Yehudah: "Keen scholar, grab and eat, grab and drink, as the world from which we are departing is like a wedding feast."
אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָנִי אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹנָתָן: מִנַּיִן שֶׁאֵין אוֹמְרִים שִׁירָה אֶלָּא עַל הַיַּיִן? — שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַגֶּפֶן הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת תִּירוֹשִׁי הַמְשַׂמֵּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים״, אִם אֲנָשִׁים מְשַׂמֵּחַ, אֱלֹהִים בַּמֶּה מְשַׂמֵּחַ?
מִכָּאן שֶׁאֵין אוֹמְרִים שִׁירָה אֶלָּא עַל הַיַּיִן!
Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani said: "Rabbi Yonatan said: 'From where is it that one only recites a song over the wine? As it is stated: “And the vine replied: 'Should I leave my wine, which gladdens God and man, and go and wave above the trees?'" (Judges 9:13). If it gladdens people, how does it gladden God? From here, that one only recites a song over wine.'"