Sources from essay by Imani Romney-Rosa Chapman &
Rabbi Ellen Lippmann in The Social Justice Torah Commentary
Rabbi Ellen Lippmann in The Social Justice Torah Commentary
(א) וַיְהִ֡י בְּיוֹם֩ כַּלּ֨וֹת מֹשֶׁ֜ה לְהָקִ֣ים אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֗ן וַיִּמְשַׁ֨ח אֹת֜וֹ וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ אֹתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־כׇּל־כֵּלָ֔יו וְאֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ וְאֶת־כׇּל־כֵּלָ֑יו וַיִּמְשָׁחֵ֖ם וַיְקַדֵּ֥שׁ אֹתָֽם׃
(1) On the day that Moses finished setting up the Tabernacle, he anointed and consecrated it and all its furnishings, as well as the altar and its utensils...
(א) וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ (ב) דַּבֵּר֙ אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֔ן וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֵלָ֑יו בְּהַעֲלֹֽתְךָ֙ אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֔ת אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמְּנוֹרָ֔ה יָאִ֖ירוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת הַנֵּרֽוֹת׃ (ג) וַיַּ֤עַשׂ כֵּן֙ אַהֲרֹ֔ן אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמְּנוֹרָ֔ה הֶעֱלָ֖ה נֵרֹתֶ֑יהָ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
(1) יהוה spoke to Moses, saying: (2) Speak to Aaron and say to him, “When you mount the lamps, let the seven lamps give light at the front of the lampstand.” (3) Aaron did so; he mounted the lamps at the front of the lampstand, as יהוה had commanded Moses.
(ט) וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ (י) דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר אִ֣ישׁ אִ֣ישׁ כִּי־יִהְיֶֽה־טָמֵ֣א ׀ לָנֶ֡פֶשׁ אוֹ֩ בְדֶ֨רֶךְ רְחֹקָ֜הׄ לָכֶ֗ם א֚וֹ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וְעָ֥שָׂה פֶ֖סַח לַיהֹוָֽה׃ (יא) בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בְּאַרְבָּעָ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם בֵּ֥ין הָעַרְבַּ֖יִם יַעֲשׂ֣וּ אֹת֑וֹ עַל־מַצּ֥וֹת וּמְרֹרִ֖ים יֹאכְלֻֽהוּ׃ (יב) לֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֤ירוּ מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ עַד־בֹּ֔קֶר וְעֶ֖צֶם לֹ֣א יִשְׁבְּרוּ־ב֑וֹ כְּכׇל־חֻקַּ֥ת הַפֶּ֖סַח יַעֲשׂ֥וּ אֹתֽוֹ׃
(9) And יהוה spoke to Moses, saying: (10) Speak to the Israelite people, saying: When any party—whether you or your posterity—who is defiled by a corpse or is on a long journey would offer a passover sacrifice to יהוה, (11) they shall offer it in the second month, on the fourteenth day of the month, at twilight. They shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs, (12) and they shall not leave any of it over until morning. They shall not break a bone of it. They shall offer it in strict accord with the law of the passover sacrifice.
We so often think a matter is settled, yet when we shine a light on it again, we see that much remains to be done. The Mishkan is finished and consecrated, and tribal offerings have been made. However, God realizes that more light is needed- more awareness must be aroused to enable the people to gather with their leaders and the Divine. New light brings change right away. In our parashah, a new situation arises, requiring God to make a new ruling, creating a new reality. Pesach Sheini, a second Passover, the possibility of celebrating Pesach a month after its set date, is established to account for limited circumstances that may prevent one from observing at the usual time. God grants us not only the specific opportunity of Pesach Sheini but also the broader possibility of second chances.
When we meet and work with people who experience the world in a radically different way than we do, or when we read or learn about them from afar, we will likely misunderstand, hurt, or harm one another. A second chance is a generous blessing. Yet many commentators note that the second chance comes with strict guidelines and boundaries. Torah allows for Pesach Sheini but not sh'lishi or rv'i-i--a third or fourth Pesach. The limited allowance for Pesach Sheini teaches that not all failures deserve a second chance. You can't just blow off Pesach in Nisan and then celebrate it a month later. For us, too, there are no third, fourth, or fifth chances if we do not learn the lesson a second time. We have to put in the work and be more disciplined as we collectively seek greater equity and access for all.
-Imani Romney-Rosa Chapman and Rabbi Ellen Lippmann
When we meet and work with people who experience the world in a radically different way than we do, or when we read or learn about them from afar, we will likely misunderstand, hurt, or harm one another. A second chance is a generous blessing. Yet many commentators note that the second chance comes with strict guidelines and boundaries. Torah allows for Pesach Sheini but not sh'lishi or rv'i-i--a third or fourth Pesach. The limited allowance for Pesach Sheini teaches that not all failures deserve a second chance. You can't just blow off Pesach in Nisan and then celebrate it a month later. For us, too, there are no third, fourth, or fifth chances if we do not learn the lesson a second time. We have to put in the work and be more disciplined as we collectively seek greater equity and access for all.
-Imani Romney-Rosa Chapman and Rabbi Ellen Lippmann
(ב) דַּבֵּר֙ אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֔ן וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֵלָ֑יו בְּהַעֲלֹֽתְךָ֙ אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֔ת אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמְּנוֹרָ֔ה יָאִ֖ירוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת הַנֵּרֽוֹת׃ (ג) וַיַּ֤עַשׂ כֵּן֙ אַהֲרֹ֔ן אֶל־מוּל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמְּנוֹרָ֔ה הֶעֱלָ֖ה נֵרֹתֶ֑יהָ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃
(2) Speak to Aaron and say to him, “When you mount the lamps, let the seven lamps give light at the front of the lampstand.” (3) Aaron did so; he mounted the lamps at the front of the lampstand, as יהוה had commanded Moses.—
(א) דבר וגו' ואמרת. צריך לדעת למה כפל לומר דבר ואמרת, גם במלות שונות. ויתבאר על פי דבריהם ז''ל (תנחומא במד''ד פט''ו) וזה לשונם למה נסמכה פרשת מנורה לפרשת נשיאים, לפי שראה אהרן חנוכת נשיאים חלשה דעתו שלא היה עמהם בחנוכה לא הוא ולא שבטו אמר לו הקדוש ברוך הוא חייך שלך גדולה משלהם שאתה מדליק ומטיב את הנרות ערב ובוקר וכו' עד כאן. הנה דבריהם ז''ל צריכין ביאור, מה נחמה זו עושה לחלישות דעתו של אהרן על חנוכת הנשיאים שלא היה בכלל הלא אין מעשה המנורה מקביל לחנוכה, גם למה לא הניח דעתו בכל הקרבנות שהוא מקריב, תמידין, ומוספין, והקטורת, גם בהקרבת החנוכה עצמה של כל הנשיאים הרי הוא המקריב, ולמה לא ריצהו אלא במנורה.
(1) דבר…ואמרת. speak…and say! We need to understand why the Torah wrote both "speak" and "say!" Also, why did the Torah choose two different expressions when referring to how Moses was to communicate with Aaron? Midrash Tanchuma 8 and others on our verse query the reason why the instructions about lighting the candlestick are written here instead of where the construction of the candlesticks is described. The Midrash answers that when Aaron observed that the princes of all 12 tribes had offered inaugural offerings for the altar, all except the tribe of Levi, he became despondent over the fact that neither he nor his tribe had been allowed to participate in this inauguration. Thereupon G'd assured him that his share in the inauguration would be greater than that of the princes who had just concluded bringing their respective offerings. G'd told him that he, Aaron, would light the candlestick in the Sanctuary on a daily basis and would prepare the oil and wicks both mornings and evenings. Thus far the words of the Midrash. These words themselves beg for an explanation. In what way did G'd console Aaron about not having participated in the inaugration of the altar when He told him he could perform duties relating to the candlestick? How is the candlestick and its function related to the altar and its function? Besides, why didn't G'd put Aaron's mind at rest by referring to all the public offerings he would offer on the altar on an ongoing basis as opposed to the princes who performed a one-time inaugural offering? He could offer the daily תמידים, the additional offerings on the festivals, as well as the twice daily portion of incense which would be offered on the golden altar inside the Sanctuary. He even performed the rites when the bulls of the princes were placed on the altar and their blood sprinkled thereon. So why did G'd choose the matter of the candlestick as the vehicle which would appease Aaron?
Before being given this gift, how must Aaron have felt to be unseen, overlooked, even marginalized, as the community created and carried out ritual together? What if the Levites had never been invited to bring their full gifts and hearts to the collective? In order to repair the hurt, God had to see Aaron's pain and recognize it. That re-cognition – "the mental action or process of" once again "acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses" – is the beginning of moving into solidarity. In other words, lift the lights, see more clearly.
What else is required to be in solidarity with others? How does solidarity begin?
-Imani Romney-Rosa Chapman and Rabbi Ellen Lippmann
What else is required to be in solidarity with others? How does solidarity begin?
-Imani Romney-Rosa Chapman and Rabbi Ellen Lippmann
Discussion Questions by Ariel Tovlev
- What is the significance of Pesach Sheini? What are its limitations? How would you feel about participating in a Pesach Sheini celebration?
- The authors list nine steps to solidarity (allying with marginalized members of a group to which you don’t belong): awareness, listening, recognition, letting go of shame, feeling, learning, persisting, finding common interest, and amplification. Which step resonated the most with you? Which steps come more easily to you, and which steps are more challenging?
- What are some ways we could use the nine steps offered to practice solidarity in our own community? How can we do the work to “light another candle”?