בּוֹא וּרְאֵה הֵיאַךְ הַקּוֹל יוֹצֵא, אֵצֶל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד לְפִי כֹּחוֹ, הַזְּקֵנִים לְפִי כֹּחָן, הַבַּחוּרִים לְפִי כֹּחָן, וְהַקְּטַנִּים לְפִי כֹּחָן, וְהַיּוֹנְקִים לְפִי כֹּחָן, וְהַנָּשִׁים לְפִי כֹּחָן, וְאַף משֶׁה לְפִי כֹּחוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות יט, יט): משֶׁה יְדַבֵּר וְהָאֱלֹהִים יַעֲנֶנּוּ בְקוֹל, בְּקוֹל שֶׁהָיָה יָכוֹל לְסוֹבְלוֹ. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (תהלים כט, ד): קוֹל ה' בַּכֹּחַ, בְּכֹחוֹ לֹא נֶאֱמַר אֶלָּא בַּכֹּחַ, בְּכֹחוֹ שֶׁל כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, וְאַף נָשִׁים מְעֻבָּרוֹת לְפִי כֹּחָן, הֱוֵי אוֹמֵר כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד לְפִי כֹּחוֹ.
אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא אִם תָּמֵהַּ אַתָּה עַל הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לְמֹד מִן הַמָּן שֶׁלֹא הָיָה יוֹרֵד לְיִשְׂרָאֵל אֶלָּא לְפִי כֹּחַ שֶׁל כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, הַבַּחוּרִים הָיוּ אוֹכְלִין אוֹתוֹ כְּלֶחֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות טז, ד): הִנְנִי מַמְטִיר לָכֶם לֶחֶם מִן הַשָּׁמָיִם וגו'. וְהַזְּקֵנִים, כְּצַפִּיחִת בִּדְבָשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות טז, לא): וְטַעֲמוֹ כְּצַפִּיחִת בִּדְבָשׁ. וְיוֹנְקִים, כְּחָלָב מִשְּׁדֵי אִמּוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יא, ח): וְהָיָה טַעֲמוֹ כְּטַעַם וגו'. וְהַחוֹלִים כְּסֹלֶת מְעֹרָב בִּדְבַשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (יחזקאל טז, יט): וְלַחְמִי אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לְךָ סֹלֶת וְשֶׁמֶן וּדְבַשׁ הֶאֱכַלְתִּיךָ. וְהָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים טָעֲמוּ אוֹתוֹ מַר וְגַד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יא, ז): וְהַמָּן כִּזְרַע גַּד הוּא. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא וּמָה הַמָּן שֶׁהָיָה מִין אֶחָד נֶהְפַּךְ לְכַמָּה מִינִין בִּשְׁבִיל צֹרֶךְ כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד, הַקּוֹל שֶׁהָיָה כֹּחַ בּוֹ עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה שֶׁהָיָה מִשְׁתַּנֶּה לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד שֶׁלֹא יִנָּזֵקוּ. וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁהַקּוֹל נֶחְלַק לְקוֹלוֹת הַרְבֵּה שֶׁלֹא יִנָּזֵקוּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות כ, טו): וְכָל הָעָם רֹאִים אֶת הַקּוֹלֹת.
Come and see how the voice would go out among all of Israel - each and every one according to his strength: the elders according to their strength; the young men according to their strength; the infants according to their strength; the babies according to their strength; the women according to their strength; and even Moshe according to his strength, as it is stated (Exodus 19:19), "Moshe would speak and God would answer him with a voice" - with a voice that He could withstand. And so [too,] it states (Psalms 29:4), "The voice of the Lord is in strength" - it is not stated, "in His strength," but rather "in strength"; in the strength of each and every one, and even the pregnant women, according to their strength. Hence one would say each and every one according to his strength.
Rabbi Yose bar Chanina said, "If you wonder about this thing, learn from the manna, as it would only come down according to the strength of each and every one of Israel: the young men would eat it like bread, as it is stated (Exodus 16:4), 'Behold I will rain upon you bread from the skies, etc.'; the elders like a wafer in honey, as it is stated (Exodus 16:31), 'and its taste was like a wafer in honey'; the sucklings like the milk of it's mother's breast, as it is stated (Numbers 11:8), 'and its taste, was like the taste of, etc.'; the sick ones like fine flour mixed with honey, as it is stated (Ezekiel 16:19), 'And My bread that I gave you, fine flour and oil I fed you'; and the idolaters tasted it bitter and coriander, as it is stated (Numbers 11:7), 'And the manna was like coriander seed.'" And Rabbi Yose bar Rabbi Chanina said, "And since the manna which was one type switched to many types because of the need of each and every one, all the more so, the voice that had strength in it would change for each and every one, so that that they would not be injured, as it is stated (Exodus 20:15), 'And all the people saw the voices.'"
and they stood at the lowermost part of the mount” (Exodus 19:17). Rabbi Avdimi bar Ḥama bar Ḥasa said: the Jewish people actually stood beneath the mountain, and the verse teaches that the Holy One, Blessed be He, overturned the mountain above the Jews like a tub, and said to them: If you accept the Torah, excellent, and if not, there will be your burial. Rav Aḥa bar Ya’akov said: From here there is a substantial caveat to the obligation to fulfill the Torah. The Jewish people can claim that they were coerced into accepting the Torah, and it is therefore not binding. Rava said: Even so, they again accepted it willingly in the time of Ahasuerus, as it is written: “The Jews ordained, and took upon them, and upon their seed, and upon all such as joined themselves unto them” (Esther 9:27), and he taught: The Jews ordained what they had already taken upon themselves through coercion at Sinai.
(ב) "אנכי ה' אלהיך", למה נאמר? לפי שנגלה על הים כגבור עושה מלחמות, שנאמר (שמות טו ג) "ה' איש מלחמה", נגלה על הר סיני כזקן מלא רחמים שנאמר (שמות כד י) "ויראו את אלהי ישראל", וכשנגאלו מה הוא אומר (שם)? – "וכעצם השמים", ואומר (דניאל ז ט) "חזה הוית עד די כרסוון רמיו" ואומר (דניאל ז י) "נהר דינור נגד ונפק מן קדמוהי" וגו', שלא יתן פתחון פה לאומות העולם, לומר שתי רשויות הן, אלא: "אנכי ה' אלהיך": אני על הים – אני על היבשה. אני לשעבר – אני לעתיד לבא. אני לעולם הזה – אני לעולם הבא! שנא' (דברים לב לט) "ראו עתה כי אני אני הוא", (ישעיה מו ד) "עד זקנה אני הוא", (ישעיה מד ו) "כה אמר ה' מלך ישראל וגואלו ה' צבאות אני ראשון ואני אחרון", ואומר (ישעיה מא ד) "מי פעל ועשה קורא הדורות מראש אני ה' אני ראשון וגו'". ר' נתן אומר: מכאן תשובה למינין שאומרים שתי רשויות הן, שכשעמד הקב"ה ואמר "אנכי ה' אלהיך", מי עמד ומיחה כנגדו? אם תאמר במטמניות היה הדבר, והלא כבר נאמר (ישעיה מה יט) "לא בסתר דברתי וגו'" לאלו אני נותנה! אלא "לא אמרתי להם תוהו בקשוני", ולא נתתיה פנגס! וכן הוא אומר "ה' דובר צדק מגיד מישרים".
(2) "I am the L rd your G d who took you out of the land of Egypt." What is the intent of this? Because He appeared at the Red Sea as a hero waging war, viz. (Exodus 15:3) "The L rd is a Man of war," and at Mount Sinai, as an elder full of mercy, so as not to provide an opening for the nations of the world to say that there are two Deities, (He said) "I am the L rd your G d." It was I at the Red Sea, and it is I on the dry land. It was I in the past and it will be I in time to come. I in this world and I in the world to come. As it is written (Devarim 32:39) "See, now, that I, I am He," (Isaiah 46:4) "And until you grow old, it is I," (Ibid. 44:6) "Thus said the L rd, the King of Israel, and its Redeemer, the L rd of hosts: I am first and I am last," and (Ibid. 41:4) "Who wrought and did, the caller of the generations from the beginning? I, the L rd, am first, and with the last it will be I." R. Nathan says: This is the retort to those heretics who would contend that there are two Deities. When the Holy One Blessed be He stood (at Mount Sinai) and said "I am the L rd your G d," who stood up and contended with Him? If you would say that this took place in concealment, is it not written (Ibid. 45:19) "Not in secret did I speak, etc." I did not reserve it (the Torah) for them alone. And thus is it written (Ibid.) "I, the L rd, speak righteously; I tell what is true."
Then the word of GOD came to him: “Why are you here, Elijah?” (10) He replied, “I am moved by zeal for the ETERNAL, the God of Hosts, for the Israelites have forsaken Your covenant, torn down Your altars, and put Your prophets to the sword. I alone am left, and they are out to take my life.” (11) “Come out,” He called, “and stand on the mountain before GOD.”
And lo, GOD passed by. There was a great and mighty wind, splitting mountains and shattering rocks by the power of GOD; but GOD was not in the wind. After the wind—an earthquake; but GOD was not in the earthquake. (12) After the earthquake—fire; but GOD was not in the fire. And after the fire—a soft murmuring sound. (13) When Elijah heard it, he wrapped his mantle about his face and went out and stood at the entrance of the cave. Then a voice addressed him: “Why are you here, Elijah?” (14) He answered, “I am moved by zeal for the ETERNAL, the God of Hosts; for the Israelites have forsaken Your covenant, torn down Your altars, and have put Your prophets to the sword. I alone am left, and they are out to take my life.”