אִישׁ֩ כִּֽי־יִדֹּ֨ר נֶ֜דֶר לַֽיהוָ֗ה אֽוֹ־הִשָּׁ֤בַע שְׁבֻעָה֙ לֶאְסֹ֤ר אִסָּר֙ עַל־נַפְשׁ֔וֹ לֹ֥א יַחֵ֖ל דְּבָר֑וֹ כְּכָל־הַיֹּצֵ֥א מִפִּ֖יו יַעֲשֶֽׂה׃
If a householder makes a vow to יהוה or takes an oath imposing an obligation on himself, he shall not break his pledge; he must carry out all that has crossed his lips.
And there is what to say with the help of Heaven by prefacing with the words of the light of our eyes, the Holy Baal Shem Tov, may his merits rest upon us, on his explanation of the following Mishna.
(א) בֶּן זוֹמָא אוֹמֵר,אֵיזֶהוּ גִבּוֹר, הַכּוֹבֵשׁ אֶת יִצְרוֹ
(1) Ben Zoma said... Who is mighty? He who subdues his [evil] inclination
However, there is an alternative straight path for a man to take, which is to involve yourself with all the matters of the physical world, when its done in a manner that is for the sake of the heavens, and you don't distance yourself from them, rather you conquer your evil inclination which can be found within the pleasures of this world, and you convert that force into an inclination for the good (Yetzer Tov)! Which is when you use this force for an elevated matter, as is taught by the sages of Israel -
. ״בְּכָל לְבָבְךָ״ — בִּשְׁנֵי יְצָרֶיךָ, בְּיֵצֶר טוֹב וּבְיֵצֶר הָרָע
“And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart.. (Deuteronomy 6:5). The mishna explains this verse as follows: “With all your heart” means with your two inclinations, with your good inclination and your evil inclination, both of which must be subjugated to the love of God.
That your inclinations shall become whole with you and your loves, and not to cause you to sin and get lost from the world.
(22) For I am poor and needy, and my heart is pierced within me.
(7) When the LORD is pleased with a man’s conduct, He may turn even his enemies into allies.
ר' ברכיה קורא עליו אם רעב שונאך האכילהו לחם וגו' (שם כה כא) זה יצר הרע
R. Berekhyah applies (Prov. 25:21): IF YOUR ENEMY IS HUNGRY, GIVE HIM BREAD TO EAT. This <ENEMY> is the evil inclination.
אַשְׁרֶיךָ, בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה. וְטוֹב לָךְ, לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא.
“You shall be happy” in this world, “and you shall prosper” in the world to come.
When a person behaves in this path, we are then taught by the sages regarding this person "Ben Zoma said... Who is mighty? He who subdues his [evil] inclination"
Because this person subdued his inclination under his hand, and completely subjugates it to be with him and help him to fulfill the desire of his Creator, and the will of his Maker." Until here were the words of the Baal Shem Tov
However, it is the opposite when a person refrains and holds himself back from enjoying the matters of this world, this actually causes anguish to HaShem, as the holy sparks that reside amongst the mundane world aren't able to return back to HaShem where they came from.
And we can understand this in the Torah portion dealing with the Nazarite -
Throughout the term of their vow as nazirite, no razor shall touch their head; it shall remain consecrated until the completion of their term as nazirite of יהוה, the hair of their head being left to grow untrimmed.
As well, we can see in another verse dealing with the Nazarite -
The priest shall offer one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, and make expiation on the person’s behalf for the guilt incurred through the corpse. That same day the head shall be reconsecrated;
And according to our teaching here its not a conflict, as certainly the nazarite is holy in regards to his separation and his refraining from this world, while at the same time, since his position does not allow him to elevate these sparks in the physical matter to be elevated to their father in heaven, which causes suffering to HaShem Yitbarach, and in that regard he is also called a sinner! Understand this.
And from here let us return to our opening question of why regarding a vow the verse says to HaShem, and regarding an oath it does not say to HaShem. Behold, I saw in the Holy writings of the Shefa Tal, that the reality of a vow is connected to intelligence, which is where all the healings are found. And matters of healing were planted by HaShem in a hidden manner into the nature of this world, to bring great goodness to this world, which from this we can learn about all the amazing opportunities we have to to serve HaShem, including using the physical mundane world! Based on this its possible to say that a vow hints to the importance of interacting with the physical world for the sake of Heaven, therefor the verse says when making a vow to HaShem, which is educating us about someone who is using this world to bring a feeling of goodness to HaShem, which is the choice path as we mentioned above. Then afterwards the verse teaches us about the second path and says "or takes an oath imposing an obligation on himself", we see hinted here that this second person has afflicted himself and is refraining from the pleasures of this world, therefor, HaShems name is not mentioned for this second type of person, as he is causing anguish to HaShem, as he cannot take out the holy sparks found within the physical realm.
And on this path of thinking we can explain the below verse from King Solomon -
(7) How fair you are, how beautiful! O Love, with all its pleasures!
And with this we can explain what has been written in the Medrash on the below verse from King Solomon -
שְׂמַ֧ח בָּח֣וּר בְּיַלְדוּתֶ֗יךָ וִֽיטִֽיבְךָ֤ לִבְּךָ֙ בִּימֵ֣י בְחוּרוֹתֶ֔יךָ וְהַלֵּךְ֙ בְּדַרְכֵ֣י לִבְּךָ֔ וּבְמַרְאֵ֖י עֵינֶ֑יךָ וְדָ֕ע כִּ֧י עַל־כׇּל־אֵ֛לֶּה יְבִֽיאֲךָ֥ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃
O youth, enjoy yourself while you are young! Let your heart lead you to enjoyment in the days of your youth. Follow the desires of your heart and the glances of your eyes—but know well that God will call you to account for all such things—
שְׂמַח בָּחוּר בְּיַלְדוּתֶךָ, אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר רַבִּי יִצְחָק, בִּקְּשׁוּ חֲכָמִים לִגְנֹז סֵפֶר קֹהֶלֶת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁמָּצְאוּ בּוֹ דְּבָרִים שֶׁהֵן מָטִין לְצַד מִינוּת, אָמְרוּ, זֶה חָכְמָתוֹ שֶׁל שְׁלֹמֹה שֶׁאָמַר: שְׂמַח בָּחוּר בְּיַלְדוּתֶךָ, משֶׁה אָמַר (במדבר טו, לט): וְלֹא תָתוּרוּ אַחֲרֵי לְבַבְכֶם. שְׁלֹמֹה אָמַר: וְהַלֵּךְ בְּדַרְכֵי לִבְּךָ,
O youth, enjoy yourself while you are young! - Rabbi Shmuel the son of Rebbe Yitzchak had said - The sages requested to ban and hide away the book of Ecclesiastes since is had teachings that are seemingly heretical. They said, this is the wisdom of Solomon, as its said - O youth, enjoy yourself while you are young, while at the same time this is what Moses said in Numbers 15:39 "Do not stray after your hearts", and Shlomo says "Go after your hearts!" And when King Solomon said "but know well that God will call you to account for all such things", King Solomon was saying something beautiful
But, if you choose to serve HaShem in a path of affliction and refraining from this world, then the verse from King Solomon comes into play - "but know well that God will call you to account for all such things" - behold, the word here for all such things in Hebrew is Eleh - אֵ֛לֶּה - stands for an acronym for הִשָּׁ֤בַע לֶאְסֹ֤ר אִסָּר֙, when you make an oath to forbid something from yourself, and as me explained above, this is the path of self affliction with fasts and supplications, and through that specifically, HaShem will bring you to justice, because in that path you are not able to elevate the physical matter, and in that regard the sages said you said well Shlomo, as after they assessed his knowledge, they praised him, and this all makes sense with the help of Heaven.