Moving Towards the Promise: The Impossibility and the Inevitability of Moving Forward Parshat Pinchas Romemu July 23rd, 2022 24th of Tammuz, 5782

The Sisters Make a Request

(א) וַתִּקְרַ֜בְנָה בְּנ֣וֹת צְלׇפְחָ֗ד בֶּן־חֵ֤פֶר בֶּן־גִּלְעָד֙ בֶּן־מָכִ֣יר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה לְמִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת מְנַשֶּׁ֣ה בֶן־יוֹסֵ֑ף וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ שְׁמ֣וֹת בְּנֹתָ֔יו מַחְלָ֣ה נֹעָ֔ה וְחׇגְלָ֥ה וּמִלְכָּ֖ה וְתִרְצָֽה׃(ב) וַֽתַּעֲמֹ֜דְנָה לִפְנֵ֣י מֹשֶׁ֗ה וְלִפְנֵי֙ אֶלְעָזָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְלִפְנֵ֥י הַנְּשִׂיאִ֖ם וְכׇל־הָעֵדָ֑ה פֶּ֥תַח אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֖ד לֵאמֹֽר׃(ג) אָבִ֘ינוּ֮ מֵ֣ת בַּמִּדְבָּר֒ וְה֨וּא לֹא־הָיָ֜ה בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעֵדָ֗ה הַנּוֹעָדִ֛ים עַל־יהוה בַּעֲדַת־קֹ֑רַח כִּֽי־בְחֶטְא֣וֹ מֵ֔ת וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָ֥יוּ לֽוֹ׃(ד) לָ֣מָּה יִגָּרַ֤ע שֵׁם־אָבִ֙ינוּ֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ מִשְׁפַּחְתּ֔וֹ כִּ֛י אֵ֥ין ל֖וֹ בֵּ֑ן תְּנָה־לָּ֣נוּ אֲחֻזָּ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ אֲחֵ֥י אָבִֽינוּ׃
(1) The daughters of Zelophehad, of Manassite family—son of Hepher son of Gilead son of Machir son of Manasseh son of Joseph—came forward. The names of the daughters were Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.(2) They stood before Moses, Eleazar the priest, the chieftains, and the whole assembly, at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, and they said,(3) “Our father died in the wilderness. He was not one of the faction, Korah’s faction, which banded together against יהוה, but died for his own sin; and he has left no sons.(4) Let not our father’s name be lost to his clan just because he had no son! Give us a holding among our father’s kinsmen!”

A Ripe Moment

(יא) דָּבָר אַחֵר, וַתִּקְרַבְנָה בְּנוֹת צְלָפְחָד וגו', גְּדֻלָּה לָהֶן וּגְדֻלָּה לַאֲבִיהֶן, גְדֻלָּה לְמָכִיר וּגְדֻלָּה לְיוֹסֵף שֶׁכָּךְ יָצְאוּ מִמֶּנּוּ נָשִׁים חֲכָמוֹת וְצִדְקָנִיּוֹת, מָה חָכְמָתָן, שֶׁלְּפִי שָׁעָה דִּבְּרוּ, שֶׁהָיָה משֶׁה עוֹסֵק בְּפָרָשַׁת נַחֲלוֹת ...
"The daughters of Tzelofchad came forward": This was greatness for them and greatness for their father; greatness also for Machir as well as for Joseph, that such women came forth from them. They were wise and righteous women. What was their wisdom? They spoke at the appropriate moment, for Moses was engaged upon the subject of inheritances ...
Bamidbar Rabbah (The Great Numbers)(c.200 - c.600 CE). is a midrash comprising a collection of rabbinical homiletical interpretations of the Book of Numbers.

God is Not Sexist

(א) ותקרבנה בנות צלפחד - כיון ששמעו בנות צלפחד שהארץ מתחלקת לשבטים ולא לנקבות, נתקבצו כולן זו על זו ליטול עצה. אמרו: לא כרחמי ב"ו רחמי המקום! ב"ו רחמיו על הזכרים יותר מן הנקבות, אבל מי שאמר והיה העולם אינו כן, אלא על הזכרים ועל הנקבות, רחמיו על הכל, שנאמר תהלים קמה טוב יהוה לכל ורחמיו על כל מעשיו:
(1) "And there drew near the daughters of Tzelofchad": When the daughters of Tzelofchad heard that the land was to be apportioned to the tribes and not to females, they gathered together to take counsel, saying: Not as the mercies of flesh and blood are the mercies of the L-rd. The mercies of flesh and blood are greater for males than for females. Not so the mercies of He who spoke and brought the world into being. His mercies are for males and females (equally). His mercies are for all! As it is written (Psalms 145:9) "The Lord is good to all, and His mercies are upon all of His creations."
Sifrei Bamidbar(200 CE). is a halakhic (legal) midrash on the Book of Numbers compiled around the third century in Israel that incorporates much aggadic (narrative) material as well.

Divine Response

(ה) וַיַּקְרֵ֥ב מֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶת־מִשְׁפָּטָ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י יהוה׃ {פ}(ו) וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יהוה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃(ז) כֵּ֗ן בְּנ֣וֹת צְלׇפְחָד֮ דֹּבְרֹת֒ נָתֹ֨ן תִּתֵּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ אֲחֻזַּ֣ת נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ אֲחֵ֣י אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וְהַֽעֲבַרְתָּ֛ אֶת־נַחֲלַ֥ת אֲבִיהֶ֖ן לָהֶֽן׃
(5) Moses brought their case before יהוה.(6) And יהוה said to Moses,(7) “The plea of Zelophehad’s daughters is just: you should give them a hereditary holding among their father’s kinsmen; transfer their father’s share to them.

The Sisters Case Becomes Law

(ח) וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תְּדַבֵּ֣ר לֵאמֹ֑ר אִ֣ישׁ כִּֽי־יָמ֗וּת וּבֵן֙ אֵ֣ין ל֔וֹ וְהַֽעֲבַרְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַחֲלָת֖וֹ לְבִתּֽוֹ׃(ט) וְאִם־אֵ֥ין ל֖וֹ בַּ֑ת וּנְתַתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַחֲלָת֖וֹ לְאֶחָֽיו׃(י) וְאִם־אֵ֥ין ל֖וֹ אַחִ֑ים וּנְתַתֶּ֥ם אֶת־נַחֲלָת֖וֹ לַאֲחֵ֥י אָבִֽיו׃(יא) וְאִם־אֵ֣ין אַחִים֮ לְאָבִיו֒ וּנְתַתֶּ֣ם אֶת־נַחֲלָת֗וֹ לִשְׁאֵר֞וֹ הַקָּרֹ֥ב אֵלָ֛יו מִמִּשְׁפַּחְתּ֖וֹ וְיָרַ֣שׁ אֹתָ֑הּ וְֽהָ֨יְתָ֜ה לִבְנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְחֻקַּ֣ת מִשְׁפָּ֔ט כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יהוה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ {פ}
(8) “Further, speak to the Israelite people as follows: ‘If a householder dies without leaving a son, you shall transfer his property to his daughter.(9) If he has no daughter, you shall assign his property to his brothers.(10) If he has no brothers, you shall assign his property to his father’s brothers.(11) If his father had no brothers, you shall assign his property to his nearest relative in his own clan, who shall inherit it.’ This shall be the law of procedure for the Israelites, in accordance with יהוה’s command to Moses.”
Avivah Gottlieb Zornberg, To Be or Not to Be: A tale of Five Sisters (2015)
The reference to their father’s sin is also mysterious … Perhaps his daughters fear that Moses may be prejudiced against them if their father was party to that rebellion that was directed against the leadership of Moses and Aaron? On this reading, the women are aware of possible bias that needs to be neutralized.
In other words, they have a realistic sense of the political field in which they must stake their claim. A similar awareness informs the Zohar’s explanation of Moses’ referring the case to God (Num. 27:5): he recuses himself from the case, to avoid any suspicion of prejudice against Tzelofchad as a rebel against Moses’ leadership. Here, again, is a reminder that truth is to be found within a force field of political power.

A Blip in Moses' Humility

(יז) לֹֽא־תַכִּ֨ירוּ פָנִ֜ים בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֗ט כַּקָּטֹ֤ן כַּגָּדֹל֙ תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן לֹ֤א תָג֙וּרוּ֙ מִפְּנֵי־אִ֔ישׁ כִּ֥י הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט לֵאלֹהִ֣ים ה֑וּא וְהַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִקְשֶׁ֣ה מִכֶּ֔ם תַּקְרִב֥וּן אֵלַ֖י וּשְׁמַעְתִּֽיו׃(יח) וָאֲצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֑וא אֵ֥ת כׇּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֽׂוּן׃(יט) וַנִּסַּ֣ע מֵחֹרֵ֗ב וַנֵּ֡לֶךְ אֵ֣ת כׇּל־הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַגָּדוֹל֩ וְהַנּוֹרָ֨א הַה֜וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְאִיתֶ֗ם דֶּ֚רֶךְ הַ֣ר הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֛ה יהוה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ אֹתָ֑נוּ וַנָּבֹ֕א עַ֖ד קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ׃
(17) You shall not be partial in judgment: hear out low and high alike. Fear neither party, for judgment is God’s. And any matter that is too difficult for you, you shall bring to me and I will hear it.”(18) Thus I instructed you, at that time, about the various things that you should do.(19) We set out from Horeb and traveled the great and terrible wilderness that you saw, along the road to the hill country of the Amorites, as our God יהוה had commanded us. When we reached Kadesh-barnea,

The Sisters Write Their Own Story

ויקרב משה את משפטן. נִתְעַלְּמָה הֲלָכָה מִמֶּנּוּ, וְכָאן נִפְרַע עַל שֶׁנָּטַל עֲטָרָה לוֹמַר (דברים א') "וְהַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יִקְשֶׁה מִכֶּם תַּקְרִבוּן אֵלַי"; דָּ"אַ — רְאוּיָה הָיְתָה פָרָשָׁה זוֹ לְהִכָּתֵב עַל יְדֵי מֹשֶׁה, אֶלָּא שֶׁזָּכוּ בְנוֹת צְלָפְחָד וְנִכְתְּבָה עַל יָדָן (בבא בתרא קי"ט; סנהדרין ח'):
And Moses brought their case: The law was concealed from him. Here he was punished for taking a “crown” (i.e. authority) by saying, (Deuteronomy 1:17) “Any matter which is too difficult for you, you shall bring to me”. Alternatively, this chapter ought to have been written by Moses, but the daughters of Tzelofchad had so much merit, it was written through them
Shlomo Yitzchaki (22 February 1040 – 13 July 1105), today generally known by the acronym Rashi, was a medieval Frenchrabbi and author of a comprehensive commentary on the Talmud and commentary on the Hebrew Bible (the Tanakh).
(י)וַתִּקְרַבְנָה בְּנוֹת צְלָפְחָד (במדבר כז, א), אוֹתוֹ הַדּוֹר הָיוּ הַנָּשִׁים גּוֹדְרוֹת מַה שֶּׁהָאֲנָשִׁים פּוֹרְצִים... וְכֵן בַּמְּרַגְּלִים שֶׁהוֹצִיאוּ דִּבָּה (במדבר יד, לו): וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וַיַּלִּינוּ עָלָיו אֶת כָּל הָעֵדָה, וַעֲלֵיהֶם נִגְזְרָה גְּזֵרָה, שֶׁאָמְרוּ (במדבר יג, לא): לֹא נוּכַל לַעֲלוֹת, אֲבָל הַנָּשִׁים לֹא הָיוּ עִמָּהֶם בָּעֵצָה, שֶׁכָּתוּב לְמַעְלָה מִן הַפָּרָשָׁה (במדבר כו, סה): כִּי אָמַר יהוה לָהֶם מוֹת יָמֻתוּ בַּמִּדְבָּר וְלֹא נוֹתַר מֵהֶם אִישׁ כִּי אִם כָּלֵב בֶּן יְפֻנֶּה, אִישׁ וְלֹא אִשָּׁה, עַל מַה שֶׁלֹא רָצוּ לִכָּנֵס לָאָרֶץ, אֲבָל הַנָּשִׁים קָרְבוּ לְבַקֵּשׁ נַחֲלָה בָּאָרֶץ, לְכָךְ נִכְתְּבָה פָּרָשָׁה זוֹ סָמוּךְ לְמִיתַת דּוֹר הַמִּדְבָּר, שֶׁמִּשָּׁם פָּרְצוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים וְגָדְרוּ הַנָּשִׁים.
"In that generation, the women would repair what the men had breached…for the men had not wanted to enter the land, but the women drew close in order to request a portion in that land. Therefore, this section was related on the heels of the death of the generation of the wilderness, for there the men had breached and the women had repaired…"
Perhaps the most important legacy of Zelophehad’s daughters is their call to us to take hold of life with our own hands, to move from the place that the others have given us–or that we have decided to keep because we feel immobile–and to walk, even to the most holy center, to where nobody seems to be able to go.
Rabbi Silvina Chemen
From The Torah: A Women’s Commentary, edited by Tamara Cohn Eskenazi and Andrea L. Weiss (New York: URJ Press and Women of Reform Judaism, 2008).
(יב) וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יהוה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה עֲלֵ֛ה אֶל־הַ֥ר הָעֲבָרִ֖ים הַזֶּ֑ה וּרְאֵה֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (יג) וְרָאִ֣יתָה אֹתָ֔הּ וְנֶאֱסַפְתָּ֥ אֶל־עַמֶּ֖יךָ גַּם־אָ֑תָּה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר נֶאֱסַ֖ף אַהֲרֹ֥ן אָחִֽיךָ׃ (יד) כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ מְרִיתֶ֨ם פִּ֜י בְּמִדְבַּר־צִ֗ן בִּמְרִיבַת֙ הָֽעֵדָ֔ה לְהַקְדִּישֵׁ֥נִי בַמַּ֖יִם לְעֵינֵיהֶ֑ם הֵ֛ם מֵֽי־מְרִיבַ֥ת קָדֵ֖שׁ מִדְבַּר־צִֽן׃ {ס} (טו) וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֶל־יהוה לֵאמֹֽר׃ (טז) יִפְקֹ֣ד יהוה אֱלֹהֵ֥י הָרוּחֹ֖ת לְכׇל־בָּשָׂ֑ר אִ֖ישׁ עַל־הָעֵדָֽה׃ (יז) אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵ֣א לִפְנֵיהֶ֗ם וַאֲשֶׁ֤ר יָבֹא֙ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹצִיאֵ֖ם וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר יְבִיאֵ֑ם וְלֹ֤א תִהְיֶה֙ עֲדַ֣ת יהוה כַּצֹּ֕אן אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵין־לָהֶ֖ם רֹעֶֽה׃ (יח) וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יהוה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה קַח־לְךָ֙ אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ בִּן־נ֔וּן אִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ר֣וּחַ בּ֑וֹ וְסָמַכְתָּ֥ אֶת־יָדְךָ֖ עָלָֽיו׃ (יט)וְהַֽעֲמַדְתָּ֣ אֹת֗וֹ לִפְנֵי֙ אֶלְעָזָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְלִפְנֵ֖י כׇּל־הָעֵדָ֑ה וְצִוִּיתָ֥ה אֹת֖וֹ לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃ (כ) וְנָתַתָּ֥ה מֵהֽוֹדְךָ֖ עָלָ֑יו לְמַ֣עַן יִשְׁמְע֔וּ כׇּל־עֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (כא) וְלִפְנֵ֨י אֶלְעָזָ֤ר הַכֹּהֵן֙ יַעֲמֹ֔ד וְשָׁ֥אַל ל֛וֹ בְּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט הָאוּרִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֣י יהוה עַל־פִּ֨יו יֵצְא֜וּ וְעַל־פִּ֣יו יָבֹ֗אוּ ה֛וּא וְכׇל־בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל אִתּ֖וֹ וְכׇל־הָעֵדָֽה׃ (כב) וַיַּ֣עַשׂ מֹשֶׁ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יהוה אֹת֑וֹ וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיַּֽעֲמִדֵ֙הוּ֙ לִפְנֵי֙ אֶלְעָזָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְלִפְנֵ֖י כׇּל־הָעֵדָֽה׃ (כג) וַיִּסְמֹ֧ךְ אֶת־יָדָ֛יו עָלָ֖יו וַיְצַוֵּ֑הוּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יהוה בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ {פ}
(12) The LORD said to Moses, “Ascend these heights of Abarim and view the land that I have given to the Israelite people. (13) When you have seen it, you too shall be gathered to your kin, just as your brother Aaron was. (14) For, in the wilderness of Zin, when the community was contentious, you disobeyed My command to uphold My sanctity in their sight by means of the water.” Those are the Waters of Meribath-kadesh, in the wilderness of Zin. (15) Moses spoke to the LORD, saying, (16) “Let the LORD, Source of the breath of all flesh, appoint someone over the community (17) who shall go out before them and come in before them, and who shall take them out and bring them in, so that the LORD’s community may not be like sheep that have no shepherd.” (18) And the LORD answered Moses, “Single out Joshua son of Nun, an inspired man, and lay your hand upon him. (19) Have him stand before Eleazar the priest and before the whole community, and commission him in their sight. (20) Invest him with some of your authority, so that the whole Israelite community may obey. (21) But he shall present himself to Eleazar the priest, who shall on his behalf seek the decision of the Urim before the LORD. By such instruction they shall go out and by such instruction they shall come in, he and all the Israelites, the whole community.” (22) Moses did as the LORD commanded him. He took Joshua and had him stand before Eleazar the priest and before the whole community. (23) He laid his hands upon him and commissioned him—as the LORD had spoken through Moses.
(ב) יעש משה כאשר צוה יהוה אותו - הלך ועשה בשמחה, ולא הורע בעיניו בין בנו לבין בן אחיו: ויקח את יהושע - לקחו בדברים והודיעו מתן שכר פרנסי ישראל לעולם הבא:
(2) (Bamidbar 27:22) "And Moses did as the L-rd commanded him": He did so with joy, undiluted with regret for his son and his brother's sons (i.e., for the honor not having been accorded them.) "and he 'took' Joshua": He "took" him with words, apprising him of the reward of the leaders of Israel in the world to come.
Inheritance
by Rabbi Sharon Cohen-Anisfeld
Years ago,
I heard about a young woman
Whose parents named her
Achzava.
She walked through the world
bearing this
unutterable weight:
“Nice to meet you, my name is Disappointment.”
She was the tenth
beautiful
girl
given to parents
who longed for a son.
Their hope died
The day she was born.
A stillbirth,
you could say,
but she was
still born —
like the rest of us —
breathing
crying
gulping for air.
When she turned 18
She changed her name.
I have always wondered
What changed then —
And what didn’t.
Last week,
I thought of her again
As the daughters of Zelophchad
rose up
to claim their inheritance
in a land
under a law
that lacked the imagination
to see the future
in their hands.
Five sisters
taking their place in the lineage
of savvy, strategic women.
“Using the master’s tools
to dismantle the master’s house,”
arguing not for their own sake
but for the sake of their father:
“Let not our father’s name be lost to his clan just because he had no son!”
Perhaps it’s because I’m aging
Perhaps it’s because we live in such unforgiving times
Perhaps it’s because I can’t forget the story of Achzava
This year
I hear a great tenderness
welling up in these words.
Devotion to a father
whose own name —
may it not be lost —
whispers to us of shadow and fear
yet who looked
at each of his newborn daughters
and called them:
Machlah
Noah
Hoglah
Milcah
Tirzah
I see him now
trembling
holding each of them in his arms
And saying:
Never let anyone call you Disappointment.
You are Forgiveness
You are Movement
You are Dance
You are Royalty
You are Delight
This is your inheritance.
You will give birth to possibilities I cannot imagine.
Lead the way.
Resources:
Lecture by Dr. Aviva Zornberg about the Daughters of Tzlofechad
https://elmad.pardes.org/2020/01/four-narratives-of-spiritual-power-episode2/