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Having Your Heart in the Right Place II
(ח) שִׁוִּ֬יתִי ה' לְנֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִ֑יד כִּ֥י מִֽ֝ימִינִ֗י בַּל־אֶמּֽוֹט׃

(8) I place G-d in front of me at all times;
The Lord is at my right side and I shall never be shaken.

(ה) היה רוכב על החמור ירד. ואם אינו יכול לירד יחזיר את פניו. ואם אינו יכול להחזיר את פניו יכוין את לבו כנגד בית קדש הקדשים:

(5) If one was riding a donkey, he should dismount from it [while he prays]. And if he is unable to dismount, he should turn his face [towards Jerusalem]. And if he is unable to turn his face, he should focus his heart toward the Holy of Holies [in the Temple in Jerusalem].

ר"א לעולם ימוד אדם את עצמו אם יכול לכוין את לבו יתפלל ואם לאו אל יתפלל

Rabbi Eliezer say: One must always evaluate himself before he prays If he is able to focus his heart on prayer, he should pray, but if not, if he is unable to do so, he should not pray.

אברייתא המתפלל צריך שיכוין את לבו בכולן ואם אינו יכול לכוין בכולן יכוין את לבו באחת

It was taught in a baraita: One who prays must focus his heart in all of the blessings. And if he is unable to focus his heart in all of them, he should focus his heart at least in one.

(ה) וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ אֵ֖ת ה' אֱלֹקֶ֑יךָ בְּכׇל־לְבָבְךָ֥ וּבְכׇל־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ וּבְכׇל־מְאֹדֶֽךָ׃ (ו) וְהָי֞וּ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛ הַיּ֖וֹם עַל־לְבָבֶֽךָ׃ (ז) וְשִׁנַּנְתָּ֣ם לְבָנֶ֔יךָ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֖ בָּ֑ם בְּשִׁבְתְּךָ֤ בְּבֵיתֶ֙ךָ֙ וּבְלֶכְתְּךָ֣ בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ וּֽבְשׇׁכְבְּךָ֖ וּבְקוּמֶֽךָ׃ (ח) וּקְשַׁרְתָּ֥ם לְא֖וֹת עַל־יָדֶ֑ךָ וְהָי֥וּ לְטֹטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין עֵינֶֽיךָ׃ (ט) וּכְתַבְתָּ֛ם עַל־מְזֻז֥וֹת בֵּיתֶ֖ךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃ {ס}

(5) You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. (6) Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day. (7) Impress them upon your children. Recite them when you stay at home and when you are away, when you lie down and when you get up. (8) Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead; (9) inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.

בכל לבבך ובכל נפשך. הלב הוא הדעת והוא כנוי לרוח המשכלת כי היא המרכב' הראשונה וכן חכם לב קונה לב:
WITH ALL THY HEART, AND WITH ALL THY SOUL. The heart refers to knowledge. It is another term for the spirit of intelligence, for the heart is its first residence. The same applies to wise-hearted (Ex. 36:1) and to He that getteth a heart (Prov. 19:8).
בכל לבבך. בִּשְׁנֵי יְצָרֶיךָ (ספרי; ברכות נ"ד); דָּבָר אַחֵר בכל לבבך שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיֶה לִבְּךָ חָלוּק עַל הַמָּקוֹם (ספרי):
בכל לבבך [THOU SHALT LOVE THE LORD] WITH ALL THY HEART — The form of the noun with two ב instead of the usual form לבך suggests: Love Him with thy two inclinations (the יצר הטוב and the יצר הרע) (Sifrei Devarim 32:3; Berakhot 54a). Another explanation of בכל לבבך, with all thy heart, is that thy heart should not be at variance (i.e. divided, not whole) with the Omnipresent God (Sifrei Devarim 32:4).
בכל לבבך על דעת המדרש (ספרי ואתחנן ו) הלב הנזכר כאן הוא הכח המתאוה כענין תאות לבו נתת לו (תהלים כא ג) אל תחמוד יפיה בלבבך (משלי ו' כה) אם כן בכל נפשך הנפש המשכלת וכן והיתה נפש אדוני צרורה בצרור החיים (שמואל א כה כט) וכדברי רבותינו שדורשין בגמרא (ברכות נד) מכאן יהרג ואל יעבור יהיה בכל נפשך תוספת מפני שאמר בכל לבבך ובכל מאדך אמר גם כן בכל נפשך וטעם שתאהבנו כנפשך שתתן אותה באהבה או שנקראו היסורין או האברים חצי הנפש ובהריגה יאמר בכל נפשך ור"א אמר כי נפשך המתאוה כמו כנפשך שבעך (דברים כ״ג:כ״ה) נפש שבעה תבוס נופת (משלי כז ז) אל תתנני בנפש צרי (תהלים כז יב) ובכל לבבך הוא הדעת והוא כנוי לרוח המשכלת כי היא המרכבה הראשונה לו וכמוהו חכם לב יקח מצות (משלי י ח) ודברו קרוב בפירוש בכל לבבך ממה שאמר והיו הדברים האלה וגו' על לבבך:
WITH ALL THY HEART. In the opinion of the Midrash the heart mentioned here is the power of desire, similar to the expressions: Thou hast given him his heart’s desire; lust not after her beauty in thy heart. If so, with all thy soul denotes the intellectual [capacity rather than the sensual capacity of the] soul. Similarly, yet the soul of my lord shall be bound in the bundle of life [refers to the rational soul which is immortal]. And according to our Rabbis, who in the Talmud derived from this [phrase] that one must submit to death and not violate [the Law, the expanded expression] “with all thy soul” is supplementary, for since he said with ‘all’ thy heart … and with ‘all’ thy might [where the intent is to exclude the serving of G-d with only part of the heart’s capacity, or with only part of one’s might or belongings], he also said with ‘all’ thy soul [meaning “your very life,” despite the obvious fact that the command to give “all” rather than “part” of his life is incongruous]. The meaning thereof is that you love Him as your very life, giving up your life with love [for His sake whenever the Law requires you to do so]. Or [another explanation of the word all may be] that suffering or [the loss of body] organs are referred to as “part of the soul,” while martyrdom [death] is termed with ‘all’ thy soul. And Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra commented: “thy soul means the desire, like: enough ‘k’nafshecha’ (at thine own) pleasure; the full soul loatheth a honey-comb; deliver me not over ‘b’nefesh’ (unto the desire of) mine adversaries. With all thy heart refers to knowledge, this being a surname for the rational spirit since [the heart] is its first resting place, and similarly it is stated, The wise in heart will receive commandments. ” Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra’s interpretation of the expression with all thy heart appears likely from that which he stated, And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be upon thy heart.
בכל לבבך. הלב משכן הנפש החכמה, ולפי שהוא האבר הראשון ביצירת האדם והאחרון אשר ימות בכל אברי הגוף, על כן אמר בכל לבבך, כלומר עד רגע האחרון של מיתה.
בכל לבבך, “with your entire heart.” The heart is perceived as the seat of the soul and man’s wisdom, seeing it is the first organ of man to be created and the last one to cease functioning when man dies. The meaning of the words: “love the Lord your G’d with all your heart,” may therefore be equivalent to “love the Lord your G’d until your dying breath.”

לִמְנ֣וֹת יָ֭מֵינוּ כֵּ֣ן הוֹדַ֑ע וְ֝נָבִ֗א לְבַ֣ב חׇכְמָֽה׃

So teach us to number our days, That we may get us a heart of wisdom.

קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־ה' חֲ֭זַק וְיַאֲמֵ֣ץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־ה'׃ {פ}

Look to the LORD;
be strong & of good courage (a brave heart)!
O look to the LORD!

(ה) וְהַלֵּב הוּא הַצַּיָּר שֶׁל הַמִּדּוֹת, הַיְנוּ הַחָכְמָה שֶׁבַּלֵּב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (שמות ל״א:ו׳): וּבְלֵב כָּל חֲכַם לֵב וְכוּ'.

(5) The heart is what designs the things we do and the way we be. It is what determines what we say, how we act. It puts all the information that is inside the heart and produces specific expressions. Specifically, the Chokhmah (Wisdom) of the heart, as it is written (Exodus 31:6), “I have placed wisdom in the heart of all those who are wise of heart.” Rebbe Nachman here clarifies the specific "spiritual" mechanism whereby the wisdom (brain) works with the heart to produce those expressions, words, actions, etc. This is important because, as we say, the Torah says that the heart, on its own, should not be blindly followed. It is also important to know that the verse Rebbe Nachman brought to prove his point refers to the building of the Mishkan, the Jews' traveling wilderness Temple. this shows us that the heart is used in order to build physical-spiritual spaces.

(ו) וְאִית יְצִירָה לְטָב וּלְבִישׁ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (ברכות סא): וַיִּיצֶר – בִּשְׁנֵי יוּדִין וְכוּ'. וְהֵם שְׁנֵי יְצָרִין, יֵצֶר טוֹב וְיֵצֶר הָרָע. הַיְנוּ: מַחֲשָׁבוֹת טוֹבוֹת הֵם יֵצֶר טוֹב, וּמַחֲשָׁבוֹת רָעוֹת הֵם יֵצֶר הָרָע. כִּי עִקַּר הַיְצָרִים הֵם הַמַּחֲשָׁבוֹת וְהַחָכְמוֹת שֶׁבַּלֵּב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (בראשית ו׳:ה׳): כִּי יֵצֶר מַחְשְׁבוֹת לִבּוֹ וְכוּ'. וּכְשֶׁאָדָם חוֹשֵׁב בְּמַחֲשָׁבוֹת רָעוֹת, הוּא מְטַמְטֵם אֶת הֶחָלָל שֶׁל הַבְּרִיאָה, שֶׁשָּׁם הִתְגַּלּוּת הַמִּדּוֹת.

So, Rebbe Nachman has shown that the heart is the part of us that produces words, reactions, projects, actions, etc. He continues: But there is a YeTZiRah (formation) for good and for evil. As our Sages taught: “And [God] YiYTZeR (formed)” (Genesis 2:7) —with two Yods. These are two YeTZaRin (inclinations): the instinct toward positive formation and the instinct toward negative formation. Meaning, there are a multitude of influences on, and voices in, the heart, determining whether the thought can do its job of opening, taking in moments and feelings and ideas and integrating them and applying wisdom to them and then producing positive, useful words and actions, etc. And there is something we can do to facilitate whether the heart can effectively do this work. In other words, good thoughts are the good inclination and evil thoughts are the evil inclination. This is because the inclinations are essentially the thoughts and wisdom of the heart, as it is written (Genesis 6:5), “for the inclination of his heart’s thoughts….” Thus, when a person thinks evil thoughts, he clogs up creation’s Space, which is where the attributes are revealed.

(י) וּכְשֶׁחוֹשֵׁב מַחֲשָׁבוֹת רָעוֹת, הוּא מְטַמְטֵם הַלֵּב, בִּבְחִינַת עָרְלַת לֵב, וּמְקַלְקֵל אֶת הַבְּרִיאָה, הַיְנוּ הַחָכְמָה שֶׁבַּלֵּב. כִּי הַיֵּצֶר הָרָע הוּא טִפְּשׁוּת הַלֵּב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (דברים י׳:ט״ז): וּמַלְתֶּם אֶת עָרְלַת לְבַבְכֶם, וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ: יָת טִפְּשׁוּת לִבְּכוֹן. וְטִפְּשׁוּת הוּא קִלְקוּל הַבְּרִיאָה, שֶׁהִיא עַל־יְדֵי הַחָכְמָה.

(10) But when a person thinks negative thoughts, they clog up the heart in the aspect of a foreskinned heart, and they spoil the process of creation—i.e., the Chokhmah in the heart. This is because the evil inclination is the same thing as the foolishness of the heart, as it is written (Deuteronomy 10:16), “Circumcise the foreskin of your heart,” which Onkelos (who translated the Torah into Aramaic 2000 years ago and sort of comments on it) renders: “your heart’s foolishness.” Thus, foolishness is the spoiling of the creation which comes about through wisdom.

(יא) נִמְצָא, כְּשֶׁאָדָם חוֹשֵׁב מַחֲשָׁבוֹת טוֹבוֹת בְּלִבּוֹ אֵיךְ לַעֲבֹד אֶת הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרַךְ, בָּזֶה נַעֲשֶׂה לִבּוֹ בִּבְחִינַת: צוּר לְבָבִי, וּבִבְחִינַת: וְלִבִּי חָלַל בְּקִרְבִּי, שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הֶחָלָל יִתְגַּלּוּ פְּעֻלּוֹתָיו, וְעַל יְדֵי פְּעֻלּוֹתָיו וּמִדּוֹתָיו הַטּוֹבִים יִתְגַּלֶּה שֶׁהוּא מְקַבֵּל עֹל מַלְכוּת שָׁמַיִם שְׁלֵמָה.

(11) We see then that when a person thinks good thoughts in their heart on how they might serve God, their heart is then in the aspect of “tzur of my heart,” and of “and my heart is ChaLaL (hollowed) within me.” For within the ChaLaL (Space) their positive deeds and actions are revealed. And through their good deeds and attributes it is revealed that they wholly accepts the yoke of the Kingship of Heaven.

לֵ֣ב טָ֭הוֹר בְּרָא־לִ֣י אֱלֹקִ֑ים וְר֥וּחַ נָ֝כ֗וֹן חַדֵּ֥שׁ בְּקִרְבִּֽי׃

Fashion a pure heart for me, O God;
create in me a steadfast spirit.

חזן: אֱלקֵינוּ וֵאלקֵי אֲבותֵינוּ. רְצֵה בִמְנוּחָתֵנוּ. קַדְּשנוּ בְּמִצְותֶיךָ וְתֵן חֶלְקֵנוּ בְּתורָתֶךָ. שבְּעֵנוּ מִטּוּבֶךָ וְשמְחֵנוּ בִּישוּעָתֶךָ. וְטַהֵר לִבֵּנוּ לְעָבְדְּךָ בֶּאֱמֶת. וְהַנְחִילֵנוּ ה' אֱלקֵינוּ בְּאַהֲבָה וּבְרָצון שבַּת קָדְשךָ. וְיָנוּחוּ בָהּ כָּל יִשרָאֵל מְקַדְּשי שמֶךָ: בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה' מְקַדֵּש הַשּבָּת:

Our god and the god of our fathers, be pleased by our rest. Sanctify us by your commandments, and give us our portion in your Law. Sate us from your goodness, and cheer us with Your salvation, and purify our hearts to serve You in truth. And endow to us, O Lord, in love and benevolence, your holy Sabbath, and rest thereon all Israel who sanctify your name. Blessed are you, O LORD, Sanctifier of the Sabbath.

אך חכמת התורה מתחלקת לב׳ ‎‎חלקים.
Furthermore, the science of the Torah falls into two divisions:
האחד מהם לדעת חובות האברים והיא החכמה הנראית.
The first aims at the knowledge of the duties of the limbs (practical duties) and is the science of external conducts.
והשני לדעת חובות הלבבות והם המצפונים והיא החכמה הצפונה.
The second deals with the duties of the heart, namely, its sentiments and thoughts, and is the science of the inner life.
אך העבודה הצפונה היא חובת הלבבות והוא שנייחד האל בלבותינו ושנאמין בו ובתורתו. ושנקבל עבודתו ונירא אותו ונכנע מפניו ונבוש ממנו. ונאהב אותו ונבטח בו ונמסור נפשותינו אליו. ושנפרוש מאשר ישנא ושנייחד מעשינו לשמו ושנתבונן בטובותיו והדומה לזה ממה שיוגמר במחשבת הלב ומצפונו מבלי אברי הגוף הנראים ממנו:
Inward service, however, consists of the fulfillment of the Duties of the Heart such as: to acknowledge the Unity of G-d in our hearts, believe in Him and His torah, to undertake His service, that we revere Him and humble ourselves before Him, that we love Him, trust in Him, and give over our lives to Him, that we abstain from what He hates, devote our actions to His Name, that we reflect on the benefits He bestows, and similar things which are performed by the thoughts and sentiments of the heart but do not associate with activity of the visible limbs of the body.
וכיון שקוטב המעשה ועמודיו בנוים על כוונת הלב ומצפונו ראויה שתהא חכמת מצות הלב קודמת בטבע לחכמת מצות האברים:
And since the hinge and pillar of all deeds rests on the foundation of intention and hidden sentiment of the heart, a system of the duties of the heart should precede, by nature, a system of the duties of the limbs.
ואחר כן נעתק מהם להזהיר על חובות הלבבות באמרו והיו הדברים האלה אשר אנכי מצוך היום על לבבך ר״‎ל שתדביקם אל לבך ותאמין בם במצפונך.

Afterwards, He moved on to exhort on the duties of the heart, in saying: "And these words, which I command you this day, shall be on your heart", which means you should keep them always in your heart and believe in them in the depths of your inner being.

In English, the heart is the seat of emotion, while in Biblical Hebrew, the kidneys are often considered the seat of emotion. " Heart - לב/לבב - is somewhere between what we call "mind" and what we metaphorically call "heart." Thus my translation, "heart-and-mind." In Modern Hebrew, "to set one's heart - לשים לב" means "to pay attention."

Haggai really wants us to pay attention! In my Mussar practice, I often use this phrase from Hagai - "simu l'vavhem al darheihem - set your minds-and-hearts upon your path" - as a reminder phrase for the middah of Zehirut: being careful about one's deeds, watchfulness, what Alan Morinis calls "shining awareness."