תורה
יכוין בקריאת חמשה פסוקים אלו שהם כנגד הֶ דמילוי הה ראשונה דשם ב''ן להשאיר בו הארה מתוספת נפש משבת שעברה:
יד (ה) וַיֻּגַּד֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם כִּ֥י בָרַ֖ח הָעָ֑ם וַ֠יֵּהָפֵ֠ךְ לְבַ֨ב פַּרְעֹ֤ה וַעֲבָדָיו֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־שִׁלַּ֥חְנוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעׇבְדֵֽנוּ׃
וְאִתְחַוָא לְמַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם אֲרֵי אֲזַל עַמָא וְאִתְהֲפִיךְ לִבָּא דְפַרְעֹה וְעַבְדוֹהִי לְעַמָא וַאֲמָרוּ מָא דָא עֲבַדְנָא אֲרֵי שַׁלַחְנָא יָת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִפָּלְחָנָנָא:
(ו) וַיֶּאְסֹ֖ר אֶת־רִכְבּ֑וֹ וְאֶת־עַמּ֖וֹ לָקַ֥ח עִמּֽוֹ׃
וְטַקִיס יָת רְתִכֵּהּ וְיָת עַמֵהּ דַבַּר עִמֵהּ:
(ז) וַיִּקַּ֗ח שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת רֶ֙כֶב֙ בָּח֔וּר וְכֹ֖ל רֶ֣כֶב מִצְרָ֑יִם וְשָׁלִשִׁ֖ם עַל־כֻּלּֽוֹ׃
וּדְבַר שִׁתְּ מְאָה רְתִכִּין בְּחִירָן וְכֹל רְתִכֵּי מִצְרָאֵי וְגִבָּרִין מְמַנָן עַל כֻּלְהוֹן:
(ח) וַיְחַזֵּ֣ק יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶת־לֵ֤ב פַּרְעֹה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיִּרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יֹצְאִ֖ים בְּיָ֥ד רָמָֽה׃
וְאַתְקֵף יְיָ יָת לִבָּא דְפַרְעֹה מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם וּרְדַף בָּתַר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נְפָקוּ בְּרֵישׁ גְלִי:
(ט) וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ מִצְרַ֜יִם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ אוֹתָם֙ חֹנִ֣ים עַל־הַיָּ֔ם כׇּל־סוּס֙ רֶ֣כֶב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו וְחֵיל֑וֹ עַל־פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת לִפְנֵ֖י בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן׃
וּרְדָפוּ מִצְרָאֵי בַּתְרֵיהוֹן וְאַדְבִּיקוּ יָתְהוֹן כַּד שָׁרָן עַל יַמָא כָּל סוּסָוַת רְתִכֵּי פַרְעֹה וּפָרָשׁוֹהִי וּמַשִׁרְיָתֵהּ עַל פּוּם חִירָתָא קֳדָם בְּעֵיל צְפוֹן:
14 (5) And it was told the king of Miżrayim that the people had fled: and the heart of Par῾o and of his servants was turned against the people, and they said, Why have we done this, that we have let Yisra᾽el go from serving us?
(6) And he made ready his chariot, and took his people with him:
(7) and he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Miżrayim, and captains over every one of them.
(8) And the Lord hardened the heart of Par῾o king of Miżrayim, and he pursued after the children of Yisra᾽el: and the children of Yisra᾽el went out with a high hand.
(9) And Miżrayim pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Par῾o, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-haĥirot, before Ba῾al-żefon.
נביאים
ד (ט) וַתֹּ֜אמֶר הָלֹ֧ךְ אֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֗ךְ אֶ֚פֶס כִּי֩ לֹ֨א תִֽהְיֶ֜ה תִּֽפְאַרְתְּךָ֗ עַל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּ֣ה הוֹלֵ֔ךְ כִּ֣י בְֽיַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה יִמְכֹּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־סִֽיסְרָ֑א וַתָּ֧קׇם דְּבוֹרָ֛ה וַתֵּ֥לֶךְ עִם־בָּרָ֖ק קֶֽדְשָׁה׃
וַאֲמַרַת מֵיזַל אֵיזִיל עִמָךְ לְחוֹד אֲרֵי לָא תְהֵי תוּשְׁבַּחְתָּךְ עַל אוֹרְחָא דְאַתְּ אָזֵיל אֲרֵי בְּיַד אִתְּתָא יִמְסוֹר יְיָ יַת סִיסְרָא וְקָמַת דְבוֹרָה וַאֲזַלַת עִם בָּרָק לְקֶדֶשׁ:
(י) וַיַּזְעֵ֨ק בָּרָ֜ק אֶת־זְבוּלֻ֤ן וְאֶת־נַפְתָּלִי֙ קֶ֔דְשָׁה וַיַּ֣עַל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אַלְפֵ֖י אִ֑ישׁ וַתַּ֥עַל עִמּ֖וֹ דְּבוֹרָֽה׃
וּכְנַשׁ בָּרָק יַת שִׁבְטָא דִזְבוּלֻן וְיַת שִׁבְטָא דְנַפְתָּלִי לְקֶדֶשׁ וּסְלִיקוּ עִמֵיהּ עַסְרָא אַלְפִין גַבְרָא וּסְלִיקַת עִמֵיהּ דְבוֹרָה:
(יא) וְחֶ֤בֶר הַקֵּינִי֙ נִפְרָ֣ד מִקַּ֔יִן מִבְּנֵ֥י חֹבָ֖ב חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֵּ֣ט אׇֽהֳל֔וֹ עַד־אֵיל֥וֹן (בצענים) [בְּצַעֲנַנִּ֖ים] אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶת־קֶֽדֶשׁ׃
וְחֶבֶר שַׁלְמָאָה אִתְפָּרַשׁ מִשַׁלְמָאֵי מִבְּנֵי חוֹבָב חֲמוּהִי דְמֹשֶׁה וּפַרְסֵיהּ לְמַשְׁכְּנֵיהּ עַד מֵישַׁר אַגְנַיָא דְעִם קֶדֶשׁ:
(יב) וַיַּגִּ֖דוּ לְסִֽיסְרָ֑א כִּ֥י עָלָ֛ה בָּרָ֥ק בֶּן־אֲבִינֹ֖עַם הַר־תָּבֽוֹר׃
וְחַוִיאוּ לְסִיסְרָא אֲרֵי סְלִיק בָּרָק בַּר אֲבִינוֹעַם לְטוּר תָּבוֹר:
(יג) וַיַּזְעֵ֨ק סִֽיסְרָ֜א אֶת־כׇּל־רִכְבּ֗וֹ תְּשַׁ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ רֶ֣כֶב בַּרְזֶ֔ל וְאֶת־כׇּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֑וֹ מֵחֲרֹ֥שֶׁת הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֶל־נַ֥חַל קִישֽׁוֹן׃
וּכְנַשׁ סִיסְרָא יַת כָּל רְתִיכֵיהּ תְּשַׁע מְאָה רְתִיכִין דְבַרְזְלָא וְיַת כָּל עַמָא דְעִמֵיהּ מִתְקוֹף כְּרַכֵּי עַמְמַיָא לְנַחֲלָא דְקִישׁוֹן:
4 (9) And she said, I will surely go with thee: however thou shalt scarcely attain honour on the journey that thou goest; for the Lord shall yield Sisera into the hand of a woman. And Devora arose, and went with Baraq to Qedesh.
(10) And Baraq summoned Zevulun and Naftali to Qedesh; and he went up with ten thousand men at his feet: and Devora went up with him.
(11) Now Ḥever the Qenite, who was of the children of Ḥovav the father in law of Moshe, had severed himself from Qayin, and pitched his tent near the oak in Ża῾anannim, which is by Qedesh.
(12) And they told Sisera that Baraq the son of Avino῾am was gone up to mount Tavor.
(13) And Sisera gathered together all his chariots, nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people that were with him, from Ḥaroshet-haggoyim to the wadi of Qishon.
כתובים
יד (כט) אֶ֣רֶךְ אַ֭פַּיִם רַב־תְּבוּנָ֑ה וּקְצַר־ר֝֗וּחַ מֵרִ֥ים אִוֶּֽלֶת׃
מַן דִנְגִידָא רוּחֵיהּ סַגִיעָא בְיוּנֵיהּ וּמַן דְכַרְיָא רוּחֵיהּ מַסְגֵי שַׁטְיוּתָא:
(ל) חַיֵּ֣י בְ֭שָׂרִים לֵ֣ב מַרְפֵּ֑א וּרְקַ֖ב עֲצָמ֣וֹת קִנְאָֽה׃
דְמַפְלֵיג חֶמְתָּא דְלִבֵּיהּ אָסְיָא הוּא דְבִיסְרֵיהּ וְהֵיךְ מִלְטֵיתָא בְקִיסָא הָכֵן קִנְאֲתָא בְּגַרְמֵיהּ:
(לא) עֹ֣שֵֽׁק דָּ֭ל חֵרֵ֣ף עֹשֵׂ֑הוּ וּ֝מְכַבְּד֗וֹ חֹנֵ֥ן אֶבְיֽוֹן׃
דְעַשֵׁק לְמִסְכְּנָא חִסוּדָא עָבִיד לְבָרְיֵה וְדִמְרַחֵם עֲלִיבָא יְקָרֵיהּ:
(לב) בְּֽ֭רָעָתוֹ יִדָּחֶ֣ה רָשָׁ֑ע וְחֹסֶ֖ה בְמוֹת֣וֹ צַדִּֽיק׃
בְּבִישׁוּתֵיהּ מִסְתְּחֵף רַשִׁיעָא וּדְתָכֵל דְמָאֵת צַדִיקָא הוּא:
(לג) בְּלֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן תָּנ֣וּחַ חׇכְמָ֑ה וּבְקֶ֥רֶב כְּ֝סִילִ֗ים תִּוָּדֵֽעַ׃
בְּלִבָּא דְמִתְבַּיֵן תִּשְׁרֵי חָכְמְתָא וּבְגַוֵיהוֹן דְסָכְלֵי שַׁטְיוּתָא תִּתְיְדַע:
14 (29) He that is slow to anger is of great understanding: but he that is hasty of spirit exalts folly.
(30) A sound heart is the life of the flesh: but envy is the rottenness of the bones.
(31) He that oppresses the poor blasphemes his maker: but he that honours him is gracious to the poor.
(32) The wicked is thrust down in his calamity: but the righteous has hope in his death.
(33) Wisdom rests quietly in the heart of the judicious: but the folly in the breast of fools shall easily be known.
משנה
א. הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁהָלַךְ בַּעְלָהּ וְצָרָתָהּ לִמְדִינַת הַיָּם, וּבָאוּ וְאָמְרוּ לָהּ מֵת בַּעְלֵךְ, לֹא תִנָּשֵׂא וְלֹא תִתְיַבֵּם, עַד שֶׁתֵּדַע שֶׁמָּא מְעֻבֶּרֶת הִיא צָרָתָהּ. הָיְתָה לָהּ חָמוֹת, אֵינָהּ חוֹשֶׁשֶׁת. יָצְתָה מְלֵאָה חוֹשֶׁשֶׁת. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, אֵינָהּ חוֹשֶׁשֶׁת:
ב. שְׁתֵּי יְבָמוֹת, זוֹ אוֹמֶרֶת מֵת בַּעְלִי וְזוֹ אוֹמֶרֶת מֵת בַּעְלִי, זוֹ אֲסוּרָה מִפְּנֵי בַעְלָהּ שֶׁל זוֹ וְזוֹ אֲסוּרָה מִפְּנֵי בַעְלָהּ שֶׁל זוֹ. לָזוֹ עֵדִים וְלָזוֹ אֵין עֵדִים, אֶת שֶׁיֶּשׁ לָהּ עֵדִים, אֲסוּרָה. וְאֶת שֶׁאֵין לָהּ עֵדִים, מֻתֶּרֶת. לָזוֹ בָנִים וְלָזוֹ אֵין בָּנִים, אֶת שֶׁיֶּשׁ לָהּ בָּנִים, מֻתֶּרֶת. וְאֶת שֶׁאֵין לָהּ בָּנִים, אֲסוּרָה. נִתְיַבְּמוּ וּמֵתוּ הַיְבָמִין, אֲסוּרוֹת לְהִנָּשֵׂא. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אוֹמֵר, הוֹאִיל וְהֻתְּרוּ לַיְבָמִין, הֻתְּרוּ לְכָל אָדָם:
ג. אֵין מְעִידִין אֶלָּא עַל פַּרְצוּף פָּנִים עִם הַחֹטֶם, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ סִימָנִין בְּגוּפוֹ וּבְכֵלָיו. אֵין מְעִידִין אֶלָּא עַד שֶׁתֵּצֵא נַפְשׁוֹ, וַאֲפִלּוּ רָאוּהוּ מְגֻיָּד, וְצָלוּב, וְהַחַיָּה אוֹכֶלֶת בּוֹ. אֵין מְעִידִין אֶלָּא עַד שְׁלֹשָׁה יָמִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶּן בָּבָא אוֹמֵר, לֹא כָל הָאָדָם וְלֹא כָל הַמָּקוֹם וְלֹא כָל הַשָּׁעוֹת שָׁוִין:
ד. נָפַל לְמַיִם, בֵּין שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהֶן סוֹף, בֵּין שֶׁאֵין לָהֶן סוֹף, אִשְׁתּוֹ אֲסוּרָה. אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר, מַעֲשֶׂה בְאֶחָד שֶׁנָּפַל לְבוֹר הַגָּדוֹל, וְעָלָה לְאַחַר שְׁלֹשָׁה יָמִים. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי, מַעֲשֶׂה בְסוּמָא שֶׁיָּרַד לִטְבֹּל בִּמְעָרָה, וְיָרַד מוֹשְׁכוֹ אַחֲרָיו, וְשָׁהוּ כְדֵי שֶׁתֵּצֵא נַפְשָׁם, וְהִשִּׂיאוּ נְשׁוֹתֵיהֶם. וְשׁוּב מַעֲשֶׂה בְעַסְיָא בְּאֶחָד שֶׁשִּׁלְשְׁלוּהוּ לַיָּם, וְלֹא עָלָה בְיָדָם אֶלָּא רַגְלוֹ, אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים, מִן הָאַרְכֻּבָּה וּלְמַעְלָה, תִּנָּשֵׂא. מִן הָאַרְכֻּבָּה וּלְמַטָּה, לֹא תִנָּשֵׂא:
ה. אֲפִלּוּ שָׁמַע מִן הַנָּשִׁים אוֹמְרוֹת, מֵת אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי, דַּיּוֹ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אֲפִלּוּ שָׁמַע מִן הַתִּינוֹקוֹת אוֹמְרִים, הֲרֵי אָנוּ הוֹלְכִין לִסְפֹּד וְלִקְבֹר אֶת אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי, בֵּין שֶׁהוּא מִתְכַּוֵּן וּבֵין שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִתְכַּוֵּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בָּבָא אוֹמֵר, בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא מִתְכַּוֵּן. וּבְגוֹי, אִם הָיָה מִתְכַּוֵּן, אֵין עֵדוּתוֹ עֵדוּת:
ו. מְעִידִין לְאוֹר הַנֵּר וּלְאוֹר הַלְּבָנָה, וּמַשִּׂיאִין עַל פִּי בַת קוֹל. מַעֲשֶׂה בְאֶחָד שֶׁעָמַד עַל רֹאשׁ הָהָר וְאָמַר, אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי בֶן פְּלוֹנִי מִמָּקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי מֵת, הָלְכוּ וְלֹא מָצְאוּ שָׁם אָדָם, וְהִשִּׂיאוּ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ. וְשׁוּב מַעֲשֶׂה בְצַלְמוֹן בְּאֶחָד שֶׁאָמַר, אֲנִי אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי בֶּן אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי, נְשָׁכַנִי נָחָשׁ, וַהֲרֵי אֲנִי מֵת, וְהָלְכוּ וְלֹא הִכִּירוּהוּ, וְהִשִּׂיאוּ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ:
ז. אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא, כְּשֶׁיָּרַדְתִּי לִנְהַרְדְּעָא לְעַבֵּר הַשָּׁנָה, מָצָאתִי נְחֶמְיָה אִישׁ בֵּית דְּלִי, אָמַר לִי, שָׁמַעְתִּי שֶׁאֵין מַשִּׂיאִין אֶת הָאִשָּׁה בְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל פִּי עֵד אֶחָד, אֶלָּא רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בָּבָא. וְנוּמֵתִי לוֹ, כֵּן הַדְּבָרִים. אָמַר לִי, אֱמֹר לָהֶם מִשְּׁמִי, אַתֶּם יוֹדְעִים שֶׁהַמְּדִינָה מְשֻׁבֶּשֶׁת בִּגְיָסוֹת, מְקֻבְּלָנִי מֵרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל הַזָּקֵן, שֶׁמַּשִּׂיאִין אֶת הָאִשָּׁה עַל פִּי עֵד אֶחָד. וּכְשֶׁבָּאתִי וְהִרְצֵיתִי הַדְּבָרִים לִפְנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, שָׂמַח לִדְבָרַי, וְאָמַר, מָצָאנוּ חָבֵר לְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בָּבָא. מִתּוֹךְ הַדְּבָרִים נִזְכַּר רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, שֶׁנֶּהֶרְגוּ הֲרוּגִים בְּתֵל אַרְזָא, וְהִשִּׂיא רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל הַזָּקֵן נְשׁוֹתֵיהֶם עַל פִּי עֵד אֶחָד, וְהֻחְזְקוּ לִהְיוֹת מַשִּׂיאִין עַל פִּי עֵד אֶחָד. וְהֻחְזְקוּ לִהְיוֹת מַשִּׂיאִין עֵד מִפִּי עֵד, מִפִּי עֶבֶד, מִפִּי אִשָּׁה, מִפִּי שִׁפְחָה. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמְרִים, אֵין מַשִּׂיאִין אֶת הָאִשָּׁה עַל פִּי עֵד אֶחָד. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, לֹא עַל פִּי אִשָּׁה, וְלֹא עַל פִּי עֶבֶד וְלֹא עַל פִּי שִׁפְחָה, וְלֹא עַל פִּי קְרוֹבִים. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, מַעֲשֶׂה בִבְנֵי לֵוִי שֶׁהָלְכוּ לְצֹעַר עִיר הַתְּמָרִים, וְחָלָה אַחַד מֵהֶם בַּדֶּרֶךְ, וֶהֱבִיאוּהוּ בְפֻנְדָּק, וּבַחֲזָרָתָם אָמְרוּ לַפֻּנְדָּקִית אַיֵּה חֲבֵרֵנוּ, אָמְרָה לָהֶם מֵת וּקְבַרְתִּיו, וְהִשִּׂיאוּ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, וְלֹא תְהֵא כֹהֶנֶת כַּפֻּנְדָּקִית. אָמַר לָהֶם, לִכְשֶׁתְּהֵא פֻּנְדָּקִית נֶאֱמֶנֶת. הַפֻּנְדָּקִית הוֹצִיאָה לָהֶם מַקְלוֹ וְתַרְמִילוֹ וְסֵפֶר תּוֹרָה שֶׁהָיָה בְיָדוֹ:
1. In the case of a woman whose husband and rival wife traveled to a country overseas, and witnesses came and told her: Your husband died, she shall not marry any other man, in case she requires levirate marriage with her brother-in-law, i.e., yavam, in which case she is prohibited from marrying anyone else. And she also shall not enter into levirate marriage until she knows whether she, i.e., her rival wife, is pregnant. If her rival wife bears a child to her late husband, she does not have a levirate bond with her brother-in-law, and she is therefore prohibited from marrying him. If she had a mother-in-law overseas, but her late husband had no brothers, she need not be concerned that a brother to her husband may have been born. But if her mother-in-law departed from her town pregnant, this widow should be concerned that perhaps her late husband now has a brother, with whom she is obligated in levirate marriage. Rabbi Yehoshua says: Even in such a case she need not be concerned and may marry whomever she wishes.
2. If there are two sisters-in-law married to two childless brothers who testify about their marital status, and this one says: My husband died, and that one says: My husband died, although each one of them is deemed credible with regard to her own status as a widow, this one is prohibited from marrying due to the possibility that the husband of that other sister may be alive, obligating her in levirate marriage, and that one is prohibited from marrying due to the husband of this sister, according to the same rationale. Although each is accorded credibility as to her own husband’s death, the halakha is that sisters-in-law are among the five types of women not accorded credibility with regard to each other’s permissibility to marry because of possible conflicts of interest. If this one has witnesses to her husband’s death, and that one does not have witnesses, then the one who has witnesses is prohibited from marrying, as there are no witnesses to the death of her yavam to exempt her from levirate marriage; but the one who has no witnesses is permitted to marry based on her own testimony that her husband died combined with the witnesses’ testimony exempting her from levirate marriage. If this one has children and that one has no children, then the one with children is permitted to marry, as she herself is deemed credible with regard to her husband’s death, and her children exempt her from levirate marriage. But the one without children is prohibited from marrying, as the death of her yavam has not been corroborated independently of her sister-in-law’s testimony. If there were two additional yevamin with whom these two widows entered into levirate marriage, and then the yevamin died childless, the women are prohibited from marrying, since the concern about an additional living yavam still remains. Rabbi Elazar says: Since these women were permitted to marry the living brothers-in-law, as the testimony of each was deemed credible with regard to her own status, they are permitted, from then on, to marry any man because their statements, taken together, indicate that neither one is obligated to enter into levirate marriage.
3. One may testify that a man died only if he can testify about seeing the countenance [partzuf ] of the face with the nose, as this allows one to identify the individual with certainty. Although there are distinguishing marks [simanim] on his body and his personal belongings, which appear to indicate his identity, one may not rely on these as identification. Furthermore, one may not testify that a person died until his soul actually departs. And even if one saw him cut open and severely wounded, or crucified, or with a wild animal eating parts of him, he may not testify that he died. Additionally, one may testify to someone’s death only when the body was witnessed up to three days following death and not after that, since the appearance may change due to decomposition. Rabbi Yehuda ben Bava says: One cannot establish general guidelines for this matter because not every person, nor every place, nor every hour is identical. Decomposition is not uniform. It occurs at different rates in different situations.
4. If a man fell into the water and did not come out, whether the body of water has a visible end or does not have a visible end, his wife is prohibited from remarrying. There is no absolute proof that the man died, as it is possible that he emerged from the water some distance away. Rabbi Meir said: An incident occurred involving a certain person who fell into the Great Cistern and emerged only after three days. This is evidence that sometimes one may survive a fall into water, even when everyone assumes he is dead. Rabbi Yosei said: An incident occurred involving a blind man who descended to immerse for ritual purity in a cave, and his guide descended after him, and they disappeared there, and they remained there long enough for their souls to have departed, and the Sages permitted their wives to marry because they had disappeared into the water and not emerged. And there was another incident in Asya in which they lowered a certain man into the sea on a rope, and when they pulled the rope back to land only his leg came up in their hands, and they were not certain whether he was alive or dead. The Sages said: If his leg was cut from the knee and above, his wife may marry, as he did not survive such a wound; if his leg was cut only from the knee and below, she may not marry.
5. Even if one heard from the women, who were saying: So-and-so died, this is sufficient in order to testify to his death. Rabbi Yehuda says: Even if one heard from the children, who were saying: We are going to eulogize and bury so-and-so, that is also sufficient. Furthermore, one may rely upon someone mentioning that a man died, regardless of whether the speaker intends to testify and thereby allow the man’s wife to remarry or whether he does not intend to offer formal testimony. Rabbi Yehuda ben Bava says: With regard to a Jew who offers this information, it may be relied upon even if he intends for his statement to be considered formal testimony. However, with regard to a gentile, if he intended to testify, his testimony is not considered valid testimony. His statement is relied upon only when he does not intend to state it as formal testimony.
6. Witnesses may testify that an individual died even if they saw his corpse only by candlelight or by moonlight. And the court may allow a woman to marry based on the statement of a disembodied voice proclaiming that her husband died. There was an incident with regard to a certain individual who stood at the top of a mountain and said: So-and-so, son of so-and-so, from such and such a place died. They went and found no person there, but even so they relied upon the statement and allowed the wife of the individual declared dead to marry. And there was another incident in Tzalmon, a city in the Galilee, where a particular man said: I am so-and-so, son of so-and-so. A snake bit me and I am dying. And they went and found his corpse but could not recognize him, yet they went ahead and allowed his wife to marry based on what he said in his dying moments.
7. Rabbi Akiva said: When I descended to Neharde’a, in Babylonia, to intercalate the year, I found the Sage Neḥemya of Beit D’li. He said to me: I heard that the Sages in Eretz Yisrael do not allow a woman to remarry based on the testimony of a single witness, except for Yehuda ben Bava. And I told him: That is so. He said to me: Tell the Sages in my name: You know that the country is confounded by army troops, and I cannot come myself. I declare that I received this tradition from Rabban Gamliel the Elder, that the court may allow a woman to remarry based on the testimony of a single witness. Rabbi Akiva continues: And when I came and presented the matter before Rabban Gamliel of Yavne, the grandson of Rabban Gamliel the Elder, he rejoiced at my words and said: We have found a companion who agrees with Rabbi Yehuda ben Bava, and since his lenient opinion is no longer the opinion of a lone Sage, it may now be relied upon. As a result of this event, Rabban Gamliel remembered that people were murdered in Tel Arza, and Rabban Gamliel then allowed their wives to remarry based on only one witness. And from then onward they established as protocol to allow a woman to remarry based on hearsay testimony, a slave’s testimony, a woman’s testimony, or a maidservant’s testimony. Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Yehoshua say: The court may not allow a woman to remarry based on only one witness. Rabbi Akiva says: The court may not allow a woman to marry based on the testimony of a woman, nor based on the testimony of a slave, nor based on the testimony of a maidservant, nor based on the testimony of close relatives. They said to Rabbi Akiva: Do we not rely upon a woman’s testimony? After all, an incident occurred involving Levites who traveled to Tzoar, the city of date palms. And one of them became ill, and they brought him to an inn [pundak] to rest, while they continued on their travels. Upon their return to the inn they said to the innkeeper, who was a woman: Where is our friend? She told them: He died, and I buried him. And based on her testimony they allowed his wife to remarry. And shouldn’t a priestess, or any Jewish woman who testifies that a man died, be deemed as credible as an innkeeper? Rabbi Akiva said to them: When a woman will be as convincing as the innkeeper, then she shall also be deemed credible. The innkeeper brought them his staff, and his bag, and the Torah scroll that was in his possession, thereby providing supporting evidence to reinforce her claim.
גמרא
מָאי גְּרִיעוּתָא דְפוּנְדָקִית אָמַר רַב כַּהֲנָא פּוּנְדָקִית נָכְרִית הָיְתָה וּמַסִּיחַת לְפִי תּוּמָהּ הָיְתָה זֶה מַקְלוֹ וְזֶה תַּרְמִילוֹ וְזֶה קֶבֶר שֶׁקְּבַרְתִּיו בּוֹ. וְכֵן תָּנֵי אַבָּא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב מִנְיוּמִי בַּר חִיָּיא פוּנְדָקִית נָכְרִית הָיְתָה וּמַסִּיחַת לְפִי תּוּמָהּ הָיְתָה זֶה מַקְלוֹ וְזֶה תַּרְמִילוֹ וְזֶה קֶבֶר שֶׁקְּבַרְתִּיו בּוֹ. וְהָא אַיֵה חֲבֵרֵנוּ קָאֲמַרֵי לָהּ. כֵּיוָן דַּחֲזִתִינְהוּ בַכְיָא אָמְרוּ לָהּ אַיֶּה חֲבֵרֵנוּ אָמְרָה לָהֶם מֵת וּקְּבַרְתִּיו. תַּנְיָא מַעֲשֵׂה בְּאָדָם אֶחָד שֶׁבָּא לִפְנֵי רִבִּי טַרְפוֹן לְהָעִיד עֵדוּת אִשָּׁה. אָמַר לוֹ בְּנִי הֵיאַךְ אַתָּה יוֹדֵעַ עֵדוּת זוּ אָמַר לוֹ אֲנִי וְהוּא הָיִינוּ הוֹלְכִין בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְרָדַף אַחֲרֵינוּ גַיָּיס וְנִתְלָה בְּיִיחוּר תְּאֵנָה וּפְשָׁחוֹ וְהֶחֱזִיר אֶת הַגַּיָּיס לַאֲחוֹרָיו. אָמַרְתִּי לוֹ יְיַשֵּׁר כֹּחֲךָ אַרְיֵה. אָמַר לִי יָפֶה כִּוַּונְתָּ לִשְׁמִי שֶׁכַּךְ קוֹרִין אוֹתִי בְּעִירִי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן יוֹנָתָן אַרְיֵה דְּמִכְּפַר שִׂיחֲיָא. לְיָמִים חָלָה וּמֵת. אָמַר לוֹ לֹא כַּךְ אָמַרְתָּ לִי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן יוֹנָתָן דְמִכְּפַר שִׂיחֲיָא אַרְיֵה. אָמַר לֵיהּ לָא אֶלָּא כַּךְ אָמַרְתִּי לָךְ יוֹחָנָן בֶּן יוֹנָתָן אַרְיֵה דְּמִכְּפַר שִׂיחֲיָא וְדִקְדֵּק עָלָיו שְׁנַיִם וּשְׁלשָה פְּעָמִים וְכִיוֵן אֶת דְּבָרָיו. וְהִשִּׂיא רִבִּי טַרְפוֹן אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אָמַר רִבִּי חֲנִינָא תַּלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים מַרְבִּים שָׁלוֹם בָּעוֹלָם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעי' נ''ד) וְכָל בָּנַיִךְ לִמּוּדֵי ה' וְרַב שְׁלוֹם בָּנָיִךְ:
GEMARA: The mishna assumed that an innkeeper is less trustworthy than an ordinary woman, such that the Rabbis argued that if the innkeeper was deemed credible, it should be obvious that an ordinary woman should be deemed credible. The Gemara asks: What was unfavorable about the innkeeper that made her less trustworthy than an ordinary woman? Rav Kahana said: She was a gentile innkeeper, and she was therefore deemed credible only because she was speaking offhandedly when she said that the man died and this is his staff, and this is his bag, and this is the grave in which I buried him. And similarly, Abba, son of Rav Minyumi, son of Ḥiyya, taught: She was a gentile innkeeper, and she was speaking offhandedly, saying that this is his staff, and this is his bag, and this is the grave in which I buried him.
But didn’t they say to her: Where is our friend? This indicates that she was answering their question rather than speaking offhandedly. The Gemara explains: Once she saw them, she cried. They said to her: Where is our friend? Then she said to them: He died, and I buried him. Since she cried before being questioned, the crying was considered the beginning of her account, and she is considered to have been speaking offhandedly.
§ The Sages taught: An incident occurred involving a certain individual who came to testify before Rabbi Tarfon with regard to a woman whose husband had died. He said to him: My son, how do you come to know testimony that the husband of this woman died? He said: He and I were traveling on the road together, and a troop of soldiers chased after us. He hung onto an olive branch, and tore it off to use as a heavy staff to intimidate the soldiers, and forced the troop to withdraw.
After this heroic act I said to him, admiring his bravery: Lion [arye], may your strength continue to be firm. He said to me: From where do you know that my name is Arye? That is what they call me in my city: Yoḥanan, son of Rabbi Yehonatan, the lion from the village Shiḥayya. After a while, he fell sick and died, and consequently the fellow traveler knew his name and could testify about him. And Rabbi Tarfon allowed his wife to marry based on this testimony.
The Gemara asks: But didn’t Rabbi Tarfon require inquiry and interrogation of the witness? Isn’t it taught in a baraita: An incident occurred involving a certain person who came before Rabbi Tarfon to present testimony that a woman’s husband died. He said to him: My son, how do you know this testimony? He told him: He and I were traveling on the road together, and a troop of soldiers chased after us. He hung onto a fig branch, and tore it off, and forced the troop to withdraw by intimidating the soldiers with the branch. I said to him: May your strength continue to be firm, lion. He said to me: You have intuited my name well, for that is what they call me in my city: Yoḥanan, son of Yonatan, the lion from the village Shiḥayya. The man concluded his story: After a while, he fell sick and died.
Rabbi Tarfon said to him, in order to check his story: Did you not tell me that the dead man said that his name was Yoḥanan, son of Yonatan, from the village Shiḥayya, which is called Lion? He replied to him: No. Rather, this is what I told you: He told me that he is called Yoḥanan, son of Yonatan, the lion from the village Shiḥayya. Then Rabbi Tarfon cross-examined him in this manner two or three times, and the witness repeatedly kept his statements consistent, so Rabbi Tarfon allowed his wife to marry. In this version of the story, the mere report of events does not seem sufficient. An interrogation of the witness is also necessary.
The Gemara answers: This is a dispute between tanna’im, as it is taught in a baraita: The court does not examine witnesses who give testimony concerning the marital status of women by means of the standard procedures of inquiry and interrogation; this is the statement of Rabbi Akiva. Rabbi Tarfon says: The court must examine them utilizing these means.
The Gemara comments: And they disagree about the statement of Rabbi Ḥanina, as Rabbi Ḥanina said: By Torah law, both cases of monetary law and cases of capital law require scrutiny by means of inquiry and interrogation of witnesses, as it is stated: “You shall have one law” (Leviticus 24:22), indicating that the legal procedures must be the same for each area of halakha. Consequently, since inquiry and interrogation are required for capital law (Deuteronomy 13:15), they are required for cases of monetary law as well.
And for what reason did the Sages say that cases of monetary law do not require inquiry and interrogation of witnesses? So as not to lock the door in the face of potential borrowers. If the procedures for litigation in cases of monetary law were too rigorous, people would be very hesitant to lend money.
And with regard to what do they disagree in the case of testimony that allows a woman to remarry? They disagree as follows: One Sage, Rabbi Akiva, holds that since there is the payment of the marriage contract for the woman to take when her husband dies, it is considered to be like cases of monetary law and does not require inquiry and interrogation procedures. And one Sage, Rabbi Tarfon, holds that since, based on this testimony, we permit a previously married woman to marry anyone in the world, and if her previous husband is still alive, her subsequent relationship will be considered adultery, which is a capital offense, it is considered to be like cases of capital law, which require the inquiry and interrogation procedures.
The tractate finishes on a positive note: Rabbi Elazar said that Rabbi Ḥanina said: Torah scholars increase peace in the world, as it is stated: “And all your children shall be taught of the Lord, and great shall be the peace of your children” (Isaiah 54:13). This indicates that because the children will be Torah scholars, who are taught of the Lord and His Torah, they will live in great peace, and peace will thereby be increased for the entire world.
זוהר
מִמַּעֲמַקִּים קְרָאתִיךָ וְהָכִי תָאנָא כֹּל מָאן דִּמְצַלֵּי צְלוֹתָא קָמֵי מַלְכָּא קַדִישָׁא בָּעֵי לְמִבְעֵי בָעוּתֵיהּ וּלְצַלָּאָה (ויקרא ע' א') מֵעִמְקָא דְלִבָּא בְּגִין דְּיִשְׁתְּכַח לִבֵּיהּ שְׁלִים בְּקֻדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא וִיכַוֵּין לִבָּא וּרְעוּתָא. וּמִי אָמַר דָּוִד הָכִי וְהָא כְתִיב (תהלים קי''ט) בְּכָל לִבִּי דְרַשְׁתִּיךְ וְדָא קְרָא סַגִּי מָאי בָּעֵי מִמַּעֲמַקִּים. אֶלָּא הָכִי תָאנָא כָּל בַּר נַשׁ דְּבָעֵי בָעוּתֵיהּ קָמֵי מַלְכָּא בָעֵי לְכַוְּונָא דַעְתָּא (נ''א לִבָא) וּרְעוּתָא מֵעִיקָרָא דְכָל עִיקָרִין (נ''א מֵעוּמְקָא דְכָל עוּמְקִין) לְאַמְשְׁכָא בִרְכָאָן מֵעִמְקָא דְבֵירָא (נ''א דְכֹלָּא) בְּגִין דְּיַנְגִיד בִּרְכָאן מִמַּבּוּעָא דְכֹלָּא, וּמָאי הוּא. הַהוּא אֲתַר דְּנָפִיק מִנֵּיהּ וְאִשְׁתְּכַח מִנֵּיהּ הַהוּא נָהָר דִּכְתִיב (בראשית ב') וְנָהָר יוֹצֵא מֵעֵדֶן וּכְתִיב (תהלים מ''ו) נָהָר פְּלָגָיו יְשַׂמְּחוּ עִיר אֱלֹהִים. וְדָא אִקְרֵי מִמַּעֲמַקִּים (ס''ט א') עִמְקָא דְכֹלָּא עִמְקָא (בראשית רל''ד א' ויקרא רפ''הּ א' ב' רצ''ו כ') דְבֵירָא דְמַבּוּעִין נַפְקִין וְנַגְדִּין לְבָרְכָא כֹלָּא וְדָא הוּא שִׁירוּתָא לְאַמְשְׁכָא בִרְכָאן מֵעֵילָא לְתַתָּא. אָמַר רִבִּי חִזְקִיָּה כַּד עַתִּיקָא סְתִימָאָה דְכָל סְתִימִין בָּעֵי לְזַמְּנָא בִרְכָאן לְעָלְמִין אַשְׁרֵי כֹלָּא וְאַכְלִיל כֹּלָּא בְּהָאי עֲמִיקָא עִלָּאָה וּמֵהָכָא שָׁאִיב וְאִתְנְגִיד בֵּירָא (נ''א נָהֲרָא) דְּנַחֲלִין וּמַבּוּעִין אִתְנְגִידוּ מִנֵּיהּ וּמִשְׁתַּקְיָין מִנֵּיהּ כֻּלְּהוּ. וּמָאן דִּמְצַלֵּי צְלוֹתֵיהּ בָּעֵי לְכַוּוְנָא לִבָּא וּרְעוּתָא לְאַמְשְׁכָא בִּרְכָאן מֵהַהוּא עֲמִיקָא דְכֹלָּא בְּגִין דְּיִתְקַבֵּל צְלוֹתֵיהּ וְיִתְעֲבֵיד רְעוּתֵיהּ:
מִמַּעִמַקִּים קְרָאתִיךְ. וְכֵן לָמַדְנוּ כָּל מִי שֶׁמִּתְפַּלֵּל תְּפִלָּתוֹ לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ הַקָּדוֹשׁ, צָרִיךְ לְבַקֵּשׁ בַּקָּשׁוֹתָיו וּלְהִתְפַּלֵּל מֵעוֹמֶק הַלֵּב, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּמָּצֵא לִבּוֹ שָׁלֵם בַּקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וִיכַוֵּן לִבּוֹ וּרְצוֹנוֹ. וְכִי אָמַר דָּוִד כָּךְ. וַהֲרֵי כָּתוּב בְּכָל לִבִּי דְרַשְׁתִּיךְ וּמִקְרָא זֶה דַּי, וְלָמָּה צָרִיךְ מִמַּעֲמַקִּים. אֶלָּא כָּךְ לָמַדְנוּ, כָּל אָדָם שֶׁמְּבַקֵּשׁ בַּקָּשָׁתוֹ לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ, צָרִיךְ שֶׁיְּכַוֵּן דַּעְתּוֹ וּרְצוֹנוֹ לְשׁוֹרֶשׁ הַשָּׁרָשִׁים לְהַמְשִׁיךְ בְּרָכוֹת מֵעוֹמֶק הַבּוֹר, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּמָּשְׁכוּ בְּרָכוֹת מִמַּעְיָן הַכֹּל. וּמַה הוּא. הוּא הַמָּקוֹם שֶׁיּוֹצֵא מִמֶּנּוּ וְנִמְצָא מִמֶּנּוּ אוֹתוֹ הַנָּהָר, שֶׁכָּתוּב ''וְנָהָר יוֹצֵא מֵעֵדֶן'', וְכָתוּב ''נָהָר פְּלָגָיו יְשַׂמְּחוּ עִיר אֱלֹהִים''. וְזֶהוּ נִקְרָא מִמַּעֲמַקִּים, עוֹמֶק הַכֹּל, עוֹמֶק הַבּוֹר שֶׁמַּעְיָנוֹת יוֹצְאִים וְנִמְשָׁכִים מִמֶּנּוּ לְבָרֵךְ הַכֹּל. וזוֹ הִיא הַהַתְחָלָה לְהַמְשִׁיךְ בְּרָכוֹת מִלְמַעְלָה לְמַטָּה. אָמַר רַבִּי חִזְקִיָּה. מְפָרֵשׁ דְּבָרָיו, וְאָמַר, כְּשֶׁעַתִּיקָא סְתִימָאָה מִכָּל סְתוּמִים רוֹצֶה לְזַמֵּן בְּרָכוֹת לָעוֹלָם, הִשְׁרָה הַכֹּל וְהִכְלִיל הַכֹּל בְּעֹמֶק הָעֶלְיוֹן הַהוּא, וּמִכָּאן שׁוֹאֵב וְנִמְשָׁךְ נָהָר, שֶׁנְּחָלִים וּמַעְיָנוֹת יוֹצְאִים מִמֶּנּוּ, שֶׁהֵם הַמֹּחִין, וְנִשְׁקִים הַכֹּל מִמֶּנּוּ. וּמִי שֶׁמִּתְפַּלֵּל תְּפִלָּתוֹ, צָרִיךְ לְכַוֵּן לִבּוֹ וּרְצוֹנוֹ לְהַמְשִׁיךְ בְּרָכוֹת מֵעֹמֶק שֶׁל הַכֹּל הַזֶּה, כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּתְקַבֵּל תְּפִלָּתוֹ וְיַעֲשֶׂה רְצוֹנוֹ.
הלכה פסוקה
א. צִווּ חֲכָמִים עַל הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁתִּהְיֶה צְנוּעָה בְּתוֹךְ בֵּיתָהּ וְלֹא תַרְבֶּה שְׂחוֹק וְקַלּוּת רֹאשׁ בִּפְנֵי בַעְלָהּ וְלֹא תִתְּבַע תַּשְׁמִישׁ הַמִּטָּה בְּפִיהָ וְלֹא תִהְיֶה מְדַבֶּרֶת בְּעֵסֶק זֶה וְלֹא תִמְנַע מִבַּעְלָהּ כְּדֵי לְצַעֲרוֹ עַד שֶׁיּוֹסִיף בְּאַהֲבָתָה אֶלָּא נִשְׁמַעַת לוֹ בְּכָל עֵת שֶׁיִרְצֶה וְתִזָּהֵר מִקְּרוֹבָיו וּבְּנֵי בֵיתוֹ כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יַעֲבוֹר עָלָיו רוּחַ קִנְאָה וְתִתְרַחֵק מִן הַכֵּעוּר וּמִן הַדוֹמֶה לַכֵּעוּר:
ב. וְכֵן צִווּ חֲכָמִים שֶׁיְּהֵא אָדָם מְכַבֵּד אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ יוֹתֵר מִגּוּפוֹ וְאוֹהֲבָהּ כְּגוּפוֹ. וְאִם יֵשׁ לוֹ מָמוֹן מַרְבֶּה בְּטוֹבָתָהּ כְּפִי מָמוֹנוֹ וְלֹא יַטִּיל עָלֶיהָ אֵימָה יְתֵירָה וְיִהְיֶה דִבּוּרוֹ עִמָּהּ בְּנַחַת וְלֹא יִהְיֶה עָצֵב וְלֹא רַגְזָן:
ג. וְכֵן צִוּוּ עַל הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁתִּהְיֶה מְכַבֶּדֶת אֶת בַּעְלָהּ בְּיוֹתֵר מִדָּאי וְיִהְיֶה לוֹ עָלֶיהָ מוֹרָא וְתַעֲשֶׂה כָּל מַעֲשֶׂיהָ עַל פִּיו וְיִהְיֶה בְּעֵינֶיהָ כְּמוֹ שָׂר אוֹ מֶלֶךְ. מְהַלֶּכֶת כְּתַאֲוַת לִבּוֹ וּמְרַחֶקֶת כָּל מַה שֶׁיִּשְׂנָא. וְזֶה דֶרֶךְ בְּנוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הַקְּדוֹשִׁים וְהַטְּהוֹרִים בְּזִוּוּגָן וּבִדְרָכִים אֵלּוּ יִהְיֶה יִשׁוּבָן נָאֶה וּמְשֻׁבָּח:
Thus the Sages commanded: A man should honor his wife more than himself and love her as himself. If his money abounds, according to what he can afford. He should not inspire excess fear in her, and he should speak gently with her, and be neither depressed nor hot-tempered.
Thus the Sages commanded: A woman should honor her husband too much, and have awe of him, do all of her actions according to his word. He should seem to her like a minister or king, walking in the desires of his heart, and distancing herself from what he hates. This is how holy and pure Jews behave in their marriages. These paths should be their pleasant and praiseworthy lifestyle.
מוסר
מלוקט
הַבָּא לְתַקֵּן פְּגַם הַבְּרִית אִם לֹא נָשָׂא אִשָּׁה לַשָּׁוְא צָרַף צוֹרֵף וְהַמְאַחֵר לִשָּׂא מֵאֵיזֶה טַעֲנוֹת יֵדַע נֶאֱמָנָה כִּי מְאַבֵּד עוֹלָמוֹ וְנַפְשׁוֹ וּמַה יִסְכּוֹן גֶּבֶר לְהִתְעַנּוֹת בִימֵי הַשׁוֹבָבִים וְהוּא עוֹבֵר עַל דַּת וְכָל יָמָיו בַּעֲבֵירָה וּמִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וְאֵילַךְ אוֹמְרִים עָלָיו תִּפַחְנָה עַצְמוֹתָיו. וּבֹא וּרְאֵה חִזְקִיָהוּ הַמֶּלֶךְ צַדִּיק וְחָסִיד גָּדוֹל וְעוֹסֵק בַּתּוֹרָה תָּדִיר וְהִשְׁתַּדֵּל מְאֹד שֶׁבְּיָמָיו לֹא הָיָה תִּינוֹק וְתִינוֹקֶת שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ בְקִיאִים בְּטָהֳרוֹת. וְהוּא לֹא הָיָה חוֹטֵא חַס וְשָׁלוֹם וְגַם הָיָה רוֹצֶה לִשָּׂא רַק שֶׁרָאָה בְּרוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ דְּנַפְקֵי מִינֵיהּ בָּנֵי דְלָא מַעֲלֵי וְעִם כָּל זֶה בָּא יְשַׁעְיָה הַנָּבִיא עָלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם בִּדְבַר ה' וְאָמַר לוֹ כִּי מֵת אַתָּה בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וְלֹא תִחְיֶה לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא לָכֵן טֶרֶם כֹּל יִשְׁתַּדֵּל לִשָּׂא אִשָּׁה. וְזֶהוּ עִיקָר הַתִּיקוּן וּמִבָּלְעֲדֵי זֶה שָׁוְא עָמַל בְּכָל הַתַּעֲנִיּוֹת וְהַסִּיגוּפִים וּבַעַל שֵׂכֶל יָבִין אֶת זֹאת: