ร—

Maimonides on Singing While Drinking

Save "Maimonides on Singing While Drinking"
Maimonides on Singing While Drinking
User Profile Picture
ByRabbi Drew Kaplan
ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืณ:ื™ืดื“
ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื’ึผึธื–ึฐืจื•ึผ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ืœึฐื ึทื’ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืœึตื™ ืฉืึดื™ืจ. ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึดื™ื ึตื™ ื–ึถืžึถืจ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทืฉืึฐืžึดื™ืขึตื™ ืงื•ึนืœ ืฉืึถืœ ืฉืึดื™ืจ ืึธืกื•ึผืจ ืœึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึนื—ึท ื‘ึผึธื”ึถืŸ ื•ึฐืึธืกื•ึผืจ ืœึฐืฉืึธืžึฐืขึธืŸ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื—ึปืจึฐื‘ึผึธืŸ. ื•ึทืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ืฉืึดื™ืจึธื” ื‘ึผึทืคึผึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึทื™ึดืŸ ืึฒืกื•ึผืจึธื” ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื›ื“ ื˜) "ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึดื™ืจ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึผ ื™ึธื™ึดืŸ". ื•ึผื›ึฐื‘ึธืจ ื ึธื”ึฒื’ื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœื•ึนืžึทืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืชึผึปืฉืึฐื‘ึผึธื—ื•ึนืช ืื•ึน ืฉืึดื™ืจ ืฉืึถืœ ื”ื•ึนื“ึธืื•ึนืช ืœึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื›ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึธื”ึถืŸ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึทื™ึดืŸ:
Mishneh Torah, Fasts 5:14

And they likewise ordained not to play musical instruments. And it is forbidden to rejoice with all types of music and any instruments that make musical sounds, and it is forbidden to listen to them, on account of the destruction. And even vocal music over wine if forbidden, as it is stated, "They don't drink wine with music" (Isaiah 24:9). And all Jewry has already become accustomed to saying songs of praise and song of thanks to God, and that which is similar to them, over wine.

ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืฉื ื” ืื‘ื•ืช ืืณ:ื™ืดื–:ื™ืณ

ืจืื™ืชื™ ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื›ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฉืชื” ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื—ื•ืคื” ืื• ื–ื•ืœืชื” ื•ื™ืจืฆื” ืื“ื ืœืฉื™ืจ ืฉื™ืจ ืขืจื‘ื™ ืืคื™' ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื— ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืื• ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื—ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื—ื™ืงื• ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจ ืืฆืœื ืœืฉืžืขื• ื•ื›ืฉื™ืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืคื™ื•ื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื™ืจื—ื™ืงื•ื”ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืจืข ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื”ื ื”ืžื•ื–ื”ืจ ืžืžื ื• ืื• ื”ื ืžืืก ื•ื–ื” ืกื›ืœื•ืช ื’ืžื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื™ืืกืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ืื”ื‘ ื•ื™ืžืืก ื•ื™ืฆื•ื” ื‘ืืžื™ืจืชื• ืžืฆื“ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืฉื” [ื‘ื•] ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆื“ ืขื ื™ื ื• ืฉืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ืŸ [ื”ืฉื™ืจ] ื”ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื” ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืืžืจื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื•ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœืืžืจื• [ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”] ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ื— ื”ืชืื•ื” ื•ืฉื‘ื— ืื•ืชื” ื•ื™ืฉืžื— ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืœืง ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืžืืก ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื–ืจื– ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืขืœ ืžื“ื” ืคื—ื•ืชื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื‘ืค' ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื' ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ืขื‘ืจื™ ื•ื”ื' ืขืจื‘ื™ ืื• ืœืขื– ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžื™ืขืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ ื•ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžืืก ืืฆืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืžืขืœืช ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื• ืืœื ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื• ืฉื™ืฉื™ืžื• ื‘ื• ืคืกื•ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ืžืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉืื– ื™ืฆื ืžื—ืœืง ื”ื ืžืืก ืœื—ืœืง ื”ื ืืกืจ ื•ืžื•ื–ื”ืจ ืžืžื ื• ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืกืจื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืžื™ื ื™ ื–ืžืจ ื‘ืคื—ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื’ื•ื ื™ื.

Rambam on Pirkei Avot 1:17:10

I have seen elders and and pious men from the people of our Torah when they are at a wine party like a wedding or something else and a person wants to sing an Arabic song - even if the subject of that song is praise of courage or generosity and that is from the division of the beloved, [as well as] when it is in praise of wine - they push it off with every angle of distancing, and it is not permissible according to them to hear it. And when the lyricist sings one of the Hebrew canticles it is not bad in their eyes if it is from the things that we are warned against or which are disgusting. And this is complete foolishness, as speech is not forbidden or extraneous or beloved or disgusting or commanded in its saying because of the language that it is in, but rather because of its content. As if the content of that song is virtue, he is obligated to say it - in any language that it my be. But if the intention of that song is vice in any language that it should be, it is forbidden to say it [- in any language that it should be]. I also have what to add to this: When there are two canticles and they express the same content of arousing the power of desire and praise for it and to rejoice the soul with it - and it is vice and it is from the division of disgusting speech since it enthuses and arouses a trait of vice, as is clarified in our words in the fourth chapter - but one of the two canticles is in Hebrew and one is in Arabic or vernacular; listening to the Hebrew and speaking it is more disgusting to the Torah due to the level of the language, as it is only right to use it for virtues. All the more so if they require to put into it a verse from the Torah or from the Song of Songs about that matter - as then, it goes from the division of the disgusting to the division of the forbidden and what is warned against. As the Torah forbade to make the words of prophecy types of song for vice and disgusting things.