אמרו חכמים (מנחות קי.) מאי דכתיב זאת תורת החטאת וזאת תורת האשם. כל העוסק בתורת חטאת כאילו הקריב חטאת וכל העוסק בתורת אשם כאילו הקריב אשם. ולכן אין די באמירת הפסוקים לבד אלא יתבונן בטעמי הקרבנות ובדיניהם כפי השגתו. The Talmud (Maseches Menachos 110a) states: Rabbi Isaac asked, "Why does it say (Leviticus 6:18; 7:1) This is the law of the sin-offering, this is the law of the guilt-offering? To teach us that when one studies the law of the sin-offering, it is considered as though he had actually brought it on the Altar, and when one studies the law of the guilt-offering, it is as though he actually brought it on the Altar." Rather than merely recite the following portions, study them and attempt to learn about the laws and significance of the various sacrifices.
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֶל־משֶׁה לֵּאמֹר: וְעָשִֽׂיתָ כִּיּוֹר נְחֽשֶׁת וְכַנּוֹ נְחֽשֶׁת לְרָחְצָה וְנָתַתָּ אֹתוֹ בֵּין־אֹֽהֶל מוֹעֵד וּבֵין הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ וְנָתַתָּ שָֽׁמָּה מָֽיִם: וְרָחֲצוּ אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו מִמֶּֽנּוּ אֶת־יְדֵיהֶם וְאֶת־רַגְלֵיהֶם: בְּבֹאָם אֶל־אֹֽהֶל מוֹעֵד יִרְחֲצוּ־מַֽיִם וְלֹא יָמֻֽתוּ אוֹ בְגִשְׁתָּם אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ לְשָׁרֵת לְהַקְטִיר אִשֶּׁה לַיהוָֹה: וְרָחֲצוּ יְדֵיהֶם וְרַגְלֵיהֶם וְלֹא יָמֻֽתוּ וְהָיְ֒תָה לָהֶם חָק־עוֹלָם לוֹ וּלְזַרְעוֹ לְדֹרֹתָם: (Exodus 30:17-21)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Make a copper laver and a copper base, for washing; and place it between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar, and put water in it. Aaron and his sons will wash from it, their hands and their feet.1His right hand was held above his right foot, the left hand above the left foot and all were washed simultaneously.—Maseches Zevachim 59 Upon entering the Tent of Meeting they will wash with water that they not die, or whenever they approach the Altar to serve, to burn a fire-offering to Adonoy. They will wash their hands and feet that they not die; and this is for them a perpetual statute for him [Aaron], and his descendants for all their generations.
תרומת הדשן קודמת לכל עבודות לפיכך יאמר פרשת תרומת הדשן קודם פרשת התמיד. ואומרה אף שלא האיר היום. The following Scripture section describes the removal of the ashes which had accumulated on the Altar from the daily burnt-offering of the previous afternoon. This removal was performed prior to the daily morning burnt-offering. The passage below also describes the ritual of maintaining the wood pyres which were always burning on the Altar.
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֶל־משֶׁה לֵּאמֹר: צַו אֶת־אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת־בָּנָיו לֵאמֹר זֹאת תּוֹרַת הָעֹלָה הִוא הָעֹלָה עַל מוֹקְ֒דָה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ כָּל־הַלַּֽיְלָה עַד־הַבֹּֽקֶר וְאֵשׁ הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ תּוּקַד בּוֹ: וְלָבַשׁ הַכֹּהֵן מִדּוֹ בַד וּמִכְנְ֒סֵי־בַד יִלְבַּשׁ עַל־בְּשָׂרוֹ וְהֵרִים אֶת־הַדֶּֽשֶׁן אֲשֶׁר תֹּאכַל הָאֵשׁ אֶת הָעֹלָה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ וְשָׂמוֹ אֵֽצֶל הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ: וּפָשַׁט אֶת־בְּגָדָיו וְלָבַשׁ בְּגָדִים אֲחֵרִים וְהוֹצִיא אֶת־הַדֶּֽשֶׁן אֶל־מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה אֶל־מָקוֹם טָהוֹר: וְהָאֵשׁ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ תּֽוּקַד־בּוֹ לֹא תִכְבֶּה וּבִעֵר עָלֶֽיהָ הַכֹּהֵן עֵצִים בַּבֹּֽקֶר בַּבֹּֽקֶר וְעָרַךְ עָלֶֽיהָ הָעֹלָה וְהִקְטִיר עָלֶֽיהָ חֶלְבֵי הַשְּׁ֒לָמִים: אֵשׁ תָּמִיד תּוּקַד עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ לֹא תִכְבֶּה: (Leviticus 6:1)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command Aaron and his sons to say, this is the law of the burnt-offering. This is the burnt-offering [which must remain] on its pyre, upon the Altar all night, until morning, and the fire of the Altar will be kept burning on it. The Kohein will don his linen garment, and linen breeches upon his flesh, and he will remove the ashes when the fire consumes the burnt-offering on the Altar; and he will place them beside the Altar. He will remove his garments and don other garments, and carry the ashes outside the camp to an undefiled place. The fire upon the altar will be kept burning, it may not be extinguished. And the Kohein will burn wood on it every morning, and arrange on it the burnt-offering, and burn on it the fats of the peace-offerings. A constant fire will be kept burning on the Altar, it may not be extinguished.
אומרים פרשת התמיד. ואם אי אפשר לאומרה בצבור יכול לאומרה בביתו ולחזור לקרותה עם הצבור. ויכוין בפעם השנייה כקורא בתורה (טור). יש מי שמצריך לעמוד בשעת אמירת הקרבנות, דהקרבת קרבן אינו אלא בעמידה (מגן אברהם). The Tamid-offerings, two daily offerings of one lamb at a time, were offered once in the morning and once in the afternoon. The former was the first public-offering brought on the Altar each day. And the latter terminated the day's offerings. These animals were purchased from the annual half-shekel gifts of the people and were offered on behalf of the entire Jewish People. Before reading this passage we offer a brief prayer.
יש שאין אומרים 'יהי רצון' בשבת ויום טוב Some do not say the following prayer on Sabbath and Yom Tov.
יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּ֒פָנֶֽיךָ, יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ, שֶׁתְּ֒רַחֵם עָלֵֽינוּ וְתִמְחָל לָֽנוּ עַל כָּל חַטֹּאתֵֽינוּ וּתְכַפֶּר לָֽנוּ אֶת כָּל עֲוֹנוֹתֵֽינוּ וְתִסְלַח לָֽנוּ עַל־כָּל פְּשָׁעֵֽינוּ וְשֶׁתִּבְנֶה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ בִּמְהֵרָה בְיָמֵֽינוּ וְנַקְרִיב לְפָנֶֽיךָ קָרְבַּן הַתָּמִיד שֶׁיְּ֒כַפֵּר בַּעֲדֵֽנוּ כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתַֽבְתָּ עָלֵֽינוּ בְּתוֹרָתֶֽךָ, עַל יְדֵי משֶׁה עַבְדֶּֽךָ, מִפִּי כְבוֹדֶֽךָ כָּאָמוּר: May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to have compassion on us, to forgive us all our sins, [done unknowingly], to atone all our iniquities, [done knowingly], to pardon all our [malicious] transgressions, and may You build the Holy Temple quickly, in our days, that we may offer, before You, the daily burnt-offering to atone for us, as You wrote for us in Your Torah by the hand of Moses, Your servant, from the mouth of Your Reverence, as it is said:
וַיְדַבֵּר יְהֹוָה אֶל־משֶׁה לֵּאמֹר: צַו אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם אֶת־קָרְבָּנִי לַחְמִי לְאִשַּׁי רֵֽיחַ נִיחֹחִי תִּשְׁמְ֒רוּ לְהַקְרִיב לִי בְּמוֹעֲדוֹ: וְאָמַרְתָּ לָהֶם זֶה הָאִשֶּׁה אֲשֶׁר תַּקְרִֽיבוּ לַיהוָֹה כְּבָשִׂים בְּנֵי־שָׁנָה תְמִימִם שְׁנַֽיִם לַיּוֹם עֹלָה תָמִיד: אֶת־הַכֶּֽבֶשׂ אֶחָד תַּעֲשֶׂה בַבֹּֽקֶר וְאֵת הַכֶּֽבֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִי תַּעֲשֶׂה בֵּין הָעַרְבָּֽיִם: וַֽעֲשִׂירִית הָאֵיפָה סֹֽלֶת לְמִנְחָה בְּלוּלָה בְּשֶֽׁמֶן כָּתִית רְבִיעִת הַהִין: עֹלַת תָּמִיד הָעֲשֻׂיָה בְּהַר סִינַי לְרֵֽיחַ נִיחֹֽחַ אִשֶּׁה לַיהוָֹה: וְנִסְכּוֹ רְבִיעִת הַהִין לַכֶּֽבֶשׂ הָאֶחָד בַּקֹּֽדֶשׁ הַסֵּךְ נֶֽסֶךְ שֵׁכָר לַיהוָֹה: וְאֵת הַכֶּֽבֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִי תַּעֲשֶׂה בֵּין הָעַרְבָּֽיִם כְּמִנְחַת הַבֹּֽקֶר וּכְנִסְכּוֹ תַּעֲשֶׂה אִשֵּׁה רֵֽיחַ נִיחֹֽחַ לַיהוָֹה: (Numbers 28:1-8)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command the Children of Israel,1Kohanim, Levites and Israelites were to be present at the offering of the two daily public burnt-offerings. The Sages instituted the program of Ma’amodos, under which representatives of all 12 tribes were always present when these sacrifices were offered. These representatives were rotated each week. and say to them: My offering, My food, to be consumed by My fires, a pleasing odor to Me, You shall be diligent to bring unto Me, at its fixed time. And you will say to them: This is the fire-offering that you will bring unto Adonoy: [male] lambs, in their first year, without blemish, two [of them] each day, as a constant burnt-offering. Offer one lamb in the morning, and the second lamb, offer in the afternoon. And a tenth of an ephah2One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour as a meal-offering, mixed with oil of crushed [olives] measuring one-fourth of a hin.3The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. [This is] a constant burnt-offering as offered at Mount Sinai for a pleasing odor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. And its libation will be a fourth of a hin for the one lamb; in the Holy4On the Altar. [Sanctuary] you will pour out a drink-offering of strong wine to Adonoy. And the second lamb you will offer in the afternoon; as the meal-offering of the morning [together] with its libation, you shall offer a fire-offering of pleasing odor to Adonoy.
וְשָׁחַט אֹתוֹ עַל יֶֽרֶךְ הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ צָפֹֽנָה לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וְזָרְקוּ בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֲנִים אֶת־דָּמוֹ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ סָבִיב: (Leviticus 1:11)
And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar.
יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּ֒פָנֶֽיךָ, יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ, שֶׁתְּ֒הֵא אֲמִירָה זוּ, חֲשׁוּבָה וּמְקֻבֶּֽלֶת, וּמְרֻצָּה לְפָנֶֽיךָ, כְּאִלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְנוּ קָרְבַּן הַתָּמִיד בְּמוֹעֲדוֹ, וּבִמְ֒קוֹמוֹ וּכְהִלְכָתוֹ: May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, that this recitation be important, acceptable and desirable before You, as if we sacrificed the daily burnt-offering at its proper time, in its proper place and according to its laws.
אַתָּה הוּא יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ שֶׁהִקְטִֽירוּ אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ לְפָנֶֽיךָ אֶת קְטֹֽרֶת הַסַּמִּים בִּזְמַן שֶׁבֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ הָיָה קַיָּם כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָ אוֹתָם עַל יְדֵי משֶׁה נְבִיאֶֽךָ כַּכָּתוּב בְּתוֹרָתֶֽךָ: You are Adonoy, our God, before Whom our fathers burned the incense of spices when the Holy Temple was standing, as You commanded them by the hand of Moses Your prophet, as it is written in Your Torah:
וַיֹּֽאמֶר יְהֹוָה אֶל־משֶׁה קַח־לְךָ סַמִּים נָטָף וּשְׁחֵֽלֶת וְחֶלְבְּנָה סַמִּים וּלְבֹנָה זַכָּה בַּד בְּבַד יִהְיֶה: וְעָשִֽׂיתָ אֹתָהּ קְטֹֽרֶת רֹֽקַח מַעֲשֵׂה רוֹקֵֽחַ מְמֻלָּח טָהוֹר קֹֽדֶשׁ: וְשָׁחַקְתָּ מִמֶּֽנָּה הָדֵק וְנָתַתָּה מִמֶּֽנָּה לִפְנֵי הָעֵדֻת בְּאֹֽהֶל מוֹעֵד אֲשֶׁר אִוָּעֵד לְךָ שָֽׁמָּה קֹֽדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים תִּהְיֶה לָכֶם: וְנֶאֱמַר (Exodus 30:34-36)
And Adonoy said to Moses, Take for yourself spices— stacte, onycha, and galbanum—1Galbanum has an offensive odor. The Torah includes it among the other spices to teach us to include even Jewish sinners among the rest of Jewry at our assemblies of fasting and prayers.—Rashi spices, and pure frankincense, [they] shall be in equal weights. You will make it into incense, a compound mixed by a compounder, salted,2The Hebrew word, memulach is rendered by Onkelos as mixed, to indicate that the spices should be well mixed together.—Rashi undefiled, and holy. You will pulverize some of it very fine, and place it before the [Ark of] Testimony3This incense was offered each day upon the Innermost Altar which is inside the Tent of Meeting.—Rashi in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you; it will be to you holy of holies." It is also written:
וְהִקְטִיר עָלָיו אַהֲרֹן קְטֹֽרֶת סַמִּים בַּבֹּֽקֶר בַּבֹּֽקֶר בְּהֵיטִיבוֹ אֶת־הַנֵּרֹת יַקְטִירֶֽנָּה: וּבְהַעֲלֹת אַהֲרֹן אֶת־הַנֵּרֹת בֵּין הָֽעַרְבַּֽיִם יַקְטִירֶֽנָּה קְטֹֽרֶת תָּמִיד לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם: (Exodus 30:7-8)
And Aaron shall burn upon it [the Altar] incense of spices every morning; when he cleans the lamps he will burn it. And when Aaron lights the lamps in the afternoon, he will burn it; a constant incense-offering before Adonoy throughout your generations.
תָּנוּ רַבָּנָן פִּטּוּם הַקְּ֒טֹֽרֶת כֵּיצַד שְׁלֹש מֵאוֹת וְשִׁשִּׁים וּשְׁמוֹנָה מָנִים הָיוּ בָהּ, שְׁלֹש מֵאוֹת וְשִׁשִּׁים וַחֲמִשָּׁה כְּמִנְיַן יְמוֹת הַחַמָּה מָנֶה לְכָל יוֹם, פְּרַס בַּשַּׁחֲרִית וּפְרַס בֵּין הָעַרְבָּֽיִם, וּשְׁלשָׁה מָנִים יְתֵרִים שֶׁמֵּהֶם מַכְנִיס כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל מְלֹא חָפְנָיו בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים, וּמַחֲזִירָן לְמַכְתֶּֽשֶׁת בְּעֶֽרֶב יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים, וְשׁוֹחֲקָן יָפֶה יָפֶה כְּדֵי שֶׁתְּ֒הֵא דַקָּה מִן הַדַּקָּה, וְאַחַד עָשָׂר סַמָּנִים הָֽיוּ בָהּ, וְאֵֽלּוּ הֵן הַצֳּרִי וְהַצִּפֹּֽרֶן הַחֶלְבְּנָה וְהַלְּ֒בוֹנָה מִשְׁקַל שִׁבְעִים שִׁבְעִים מָנֶה, מוֹר וּקְצִיעָה שִׁבֹּֽלֶת נֵרְדְּ וְכַרְכֹּם מִשְׁקַל שִׁשָּׁה עָשָׂר שִׁשָּׁה עָשָׂר מָנֶה, הַקּשְׁטְ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר וְקִלּוּפָה שְׁלשָׁה וְקִנָּמוֹן תִּשְׁעָה, בֹּרִית כַּרְשִׁינָה תִּשְׁעָה קַבִּין, יֵין קַפְרִיסִין סְאִין תְּלָתָא וְקַבִּין תְּלָתָא, וְאִם אֵין לוֹ יֵין קַפְרִיסִין מֵבִיא חֲמַר חִוַּרְיָן עַתִּיק, מֶֽלַח סְדוֹמִית רֹֽבַע הַקָּב, מַעֲלֶה עָשָׁן כָּל שֶׁהוּא, רַבִּי נָתָן הַבַּבְלִי אוֹמֵר אַף כִּפַּת הַיַּרְדֵּן כָּל שֶׁהוּא, וְאִם נָֽתַן בָּהּ דְּבַשׁ פְּסָלָהּ וְאִם חִסַּר אַחַת מִכָּל סַמָּנֶֽיהָ חַיָּב מִיתָה: (Maseches Kreisos 6a; Jerusalem Talmud, Maseches Yoma 4:5)
The Rabbis taught: How was the incense compounded? Three hundred and sixty-eight manim4A maneh is a weight; plural, manim. were comprised therein, three hundred and sixty-five corresponding to the number of days in the solar year, one maneh for each day— half in the morning and half in the afternoon. From the three remaining manim the Kohein Gadol brought two handfuls [into the Holy of Holies] on Yom Kippur; [for which purpose] they were put back into the mortar on the eve of Yom Kippur, and ground [again] very thoroughly, in order to make them very fine. Eleven kinds of spices were used for it. They were: 1) balm, 2) onycha, 3) galbanum, 4) frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; 5) myrrh, 6) cassia, 7) spikenard and 8) saffron— in weight sixteen maneh of each; 9) twelve maneh of costus, 10) three of aromatic bark, and 11) nine of cinnamon. [Also used in the incense compound were:] Nine kabin5A kab is a sixth of a se’ah. of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could use strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.6This herb causes the smoke of the burning incense to ascend in a straight line. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Jordan amber was added of a minute quantity, and if one added honey,7Included are various sweeteners such as dates and other fruits. it (the incense) became unfit; and if one omitted8The same is true if one were to add to the prescribed number of eleven spices.—Etz Yosef any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty."9The death penalty was given only if the Kohein Gadol actually entered the Holy of Holies with incense which was unfit. This was considered as an unwarranted entry into the Holy of Holies which carried the death decree.—Rashi
רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר הַצֳּרִי אֵינוֹ אֶלָּא שְׂרָף הַנּוֹטֵף מֵעֲצֵי הַקְּ֒טָף, בֹּרִית כַּרְשִׁינָה שֶׁשָׁפִין בָּה אֶת הַצִפֹּרֶן כִּדֵי שֶׁתְּ֒הֵא נָאָה יֵין קַפְרִיסִין שֶׁשׁוֹרִין בּוֹ אֶת הַצִפֹּרֶן כְּדֵי שֶׁתְּ֒הֵא עַזָּה, וַהֲלֹא מֵי רַגְלַֽיִם יָפִין לָהּ אֶלָּא שֶׁאֵין מַכְנִיסִין מֵי רַגְלַֽיִם בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ מִפְּנֵי הַכָּבוֹד: Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. the lye of Carshina was used for rubbing the onycha in order to refine its appearance. The Cyprus wine was used to soak the onycha to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo
תַּנְיָא רַבִּי נָתָן אוֹמֵר כְּשֶׁהוּא שׁוֹחֵק אוֹמֵר הָדֵק הֵיטֵב הֵיטֵב הָדֵק מִפְּ֒נֵי שֶׁהַקּוֹל יָפֶה לַבְּ֒שָׂמִים, פִּטְּ֒מָהּ לַחֲצָאִין כְּשֵׁרָה לִשְׁלִישׁ וְלִרְבִֽיעַ לֹא שָׁמַֽעְנוּ: אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה זֶה הַכְּ֒לָל אִם כְּמִדָּתָהּ כְּשֵׁרָה לַחֲצָאִין וְאִם חִסַּר אַחַת מִכָּל סַמָּנֶֽיהָ חַיָּב מִיתָה: It was taught in a Boraysa: Rabbi Nosson says, While [the Kohein] ground [the incense] he would say, ‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,' because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices. If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared it was acceptable, but if only a third or a fourth [of it was prepared] we have not heard14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable."] Rabbi Yehuda said, This is the general rule: If [it was prepared with all its ingredients] in the correct proportion, it is acceptable even if only half was prepared; but if he left out any of its spices, he was liable for the death penalty.
תַּנְיָא בַּר קַפָּרָא אוֹמֵר אַחַת לְשִׁשִּׁים אוֹ לְשִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה הָיְ֒תָה בָאָה שֶׁל שִׁירַֽיִם לַחֲצָאִין: וְעוֹד תָּנֵי בַּר קַפָּרָא אִלּוּ הָיָה נוֹתֵן בָּהּ קוֹרְ֒טוֹב שֶׁל דְּבַשׁ אֵין אָדָם יָכוֹל לַעֲמֹד מִפְּ֒נֵי רֵיחָהּ וְלָֽמָּה אֵין מְעָרְ֒בִין בָּהּ דְּבַשׁ מִפְּ֒נֵי שֶׁהַתּוֹרָה אָמְ֒רָה כִּי כָל־שְׂאֹר וְכָל־דְּבַשׁ לֹא־תַקְטִֽירוּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ אִשֶּׁה לַיהוָֹה: It was taught in a Boraysa: Bar Kappara says, Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur. the accumulated surplus was sufficient to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense."] Bar Kappara also taught, If he would have put into it a minute quantity of honey, no one could have withstood [resisted] the scent. Why was no honey mixed with it? Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11) For any leaven or honey, do not burn from them, [as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.
אומר ג' פעמים: Recite each of these verses three times:
יְהֹוָה צְבָאוֹת עִמָּֽנוּ מִשְׂגַּב־לָֽנוּ אֱלֹהֵי יַעֲקֹב סֶֽלָה: יְהֹוָה צְבָאוֹת אַשְׁרֵי אָדָם בֹּטֵֽחַ בָּךְ: יְהֹוָה הוֹשִֽׁיעָה הַמֶּֽלֶךְ יַעֲנֵֽנוּ בְיוֹם־קָרְאֵֽנוּ: Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah! Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]! The King will answer us on the day we call.
אַתָּה סֵֽתֶר לִי מִצַּר תִּצְּ֒רֵֽנִי רָנֵּי פַלֵּט תְּסוֹבְ֒בֵֽנִי סֶֽלָה: וְעָרְ֒בָה לַיהוָֹה מִנְחַת יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלָֽםִ כִּימֵי עוֹלָם וּכְשָׁנִים קַדְמֹנִיּוֹת: You are my shelter; from distress You preserve me; with glad song of rescue, You envelop me, Selah! Let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem, as in the days of old and in earlier years.
אַבַּיֵּי הֲוָה מְסַדֵּר סֵֽדֶר הַמַּעֲרָכָה מִשְּׁ֒מָא דִגְמָרָא וְאַלִּבָּא דְאַבָּא שָׁאוּל, מַעֲרָכָה גְדוֹלָה קוֹדֶֽמֶת לְמַעֲרָכָה שְׁנִיָּה שֶׁל קְטֹֽרֶת, וּמַעֲרָכָה שְׁנִיָּה שֶׁל קְטֹֽרֶת קוֹדֶֽמֶת לְסִדּוּר שְׁנֵי גִזְרֵי עֵצִים, וְסִדּוּר שְׁנֵי גִזְרֵי עֵצִים קֽוֹדֶם לְדִשּׁוּן מִזְבֵּֽחַ הַפְּ֒נִימִי, וְדִשּׁוּן מִזְבֵּֽחַ הַפְּ֒נִימִי קֽוֹדֶם לְהַטָּבַת חָמֵשׁ נֵרוֹת, וְהַטָּבַת חָמֵשׁ נֵרוֹת קוֹדֶֽמֶת לְדַם הַתָּמִיד, וְדַם הַתָּמִיד קֽוֹדֶם לְהַטָּבַת שְׁתֵּי נֵרוֹת, וְהַטָּבַת שְׁתֵּי נֵרוֹת קוֹדֶֽמֶת לִקְטֹֽרֶת, וּקְטֹֽרֶת קוֹדֶֽמֶת לְאֵבָרִים, וְאֵבָרִים לְמִנְחָה, וּמִנְחָה לַחֲבִתִּין, וַחֲבִתִּין לִנְסָכִין, וּנְסָכִין לְמוּסָפִין, וּמוּסָפִין לְבָזִיכִין, וּבָזִיכִין קוֹדְ֒מִין לְתָמִיד שֶׁל בֵּין הָעַרְבָּֽיִם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְעָרַךְ עָלֶֽיהָ הָעֹלָה וְהִקְטִיר עָלֶֽיהָ חֶלְבֵי הַשְּׁ֒לָמִים, עָלֶֽיהָ הַשְׁלֵם כָּל הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת כֻּלָּם: Abbaye listed the order of the [daily] Altar service based on tradition, and according to the opinion of Abba Shaul: the [arranging on the Altar of the] great Pyre16This is the Altar upon which the daily and other offerings were burned. This pyre was on the east side of the Altar.—Derech Chayim precedes the second pyre [from which live coals are taken] for the incense-offering; the second pyre of the incense-offering [is arranged] before the placement of two logs [on the large pyre17Each of these logs measured a square cubit. They were laid on to assure a sufficiently large fire.—Derech Chayim] the placement of the two logs precedes the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar; the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar precedes the cleaning of five lamps [of the Menorah];18These were the five westernmost lamps of the Menorah.—Derech Chayim the cleaning of the five lamps precedes [sprinkling] the blood of the daily-offering; the blood of the daily-offering precedes the cleaning of the [remaining] two lamps; the cleaning of the two lamps precedes the incense-offering; the incense-offering precedes [burning] the limbs [of the daily-offering]; burning the limbs [precedes] the meal-offering;19A meal-offering accompanied each daily burnt-offering. the meal-offering [precedes] the baking-pan-offering;20These were daily-offerings that were incumbent upon the Kohein Gadol. Half the offering was brought in the morning and the other half in the afternoon. the baking-pan-offerings [precede] the wine libations; the wine-libations [precede] the Mussaf-offering;21Musaf offerings were brought on Shabbos, Rosh Chodesh, and on Festivals when work is totally forbidden. the Mussaf-offering [precedes] the two bowls of frankincense;22Two bowls of frankincense were placed near the shewbreads every Shabbos. and the two bowls of frankincense precede the daily afternoon-offering, for it is said, (Leviticus 6:5) And [the Kohein] shall arrange on it the burnt-offering, and burn on it the fat of the peace-offerings. Therewith complete23The Hebrew word shelamim is here interpreted to indicate completion (from the root sholam).—Rashi, Maseches Yoma 33a all the offerings [of the day.]
ואח"כ יאמר תפלת רבי נחוניא בן הקנה: The following is the prayer of Rabbi Nechunya ben Hakanah:
אָֽנָּא בְּכֹֽחַ גְּדֻלַּת יְמִינְ֒ךָ תַּתִּיר צְרוּרָה: קַבֵּל רִנַּת עַמְּ֒ךָ שַׂגְּ֒בֵֽנוּ טַהֲרֵֽנוּ נוֹרָא: נָא גִבּוֹר דּוֹרְ֒שֵׁי יִחוּדְ֒ךָ כְּבָבַת שָׁמְ֒רֵם: בָּרְ֒כֵם טַהֲרֵם רַחֲמֵם צִדְקָתְ֒ךָ תָּמִיד גָּמְ֒לֵם: חֲסִין קָדוֹשׁ בְּרֹב טוּבְ֒ךָ נַהֵל עֲדָתֶֽךָ: יָחִיד גֵּאֶה לְעַמְּ֒ךָ פְּנֵה, זוֹכְ֒רֵי קְדֻשָּׁתֶֽךָ: שַׁוְעָתֵֽנוּ קַבֵּל וּשְׁמַע צַעֲקָתֵֽנוּ יוֹדֵֽעַ תַּעֲלוּמוֹת: בָּרוּךְ שֵׁם כְּבוֹד מַלְכוּתוֹ לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד: Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one. Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One! Please! Mighty One, those who seek Your Unity, preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye]. Bless them, purify them, have compassion on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them. Mighty, Holy One, in Your abundant goodness, lead Your community. Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness. Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts. Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.
רִבּוֹן הָעוֹלָמִים אַתָּה צִוִּיתָֽנוּ לְהַקְרִיב קָרְבַּן הַתָּמִיד בְּמוֹעֲדוֹ וְלִהְיוֹת כֹּהֲנִים בַּעֲבוֹדָתָם וּלְוִיִּם בְּדוּכָנָם וְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמַעֲמָדָם, וְעַתָּה בַּעֲוֹנוֹתֵֽינוּ חָרַב בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ וּבֻטַּל הַתָּמִיד וְאֵין לָֽנוּ לֹא כֹהֵן בַּעֲבוֹדָתוֹ וְלֹא לֵוִי בְּדוּכָנוֹ וְלֹא יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמַעֲמָדוֹ. לָכֵן יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּ֒פָנֶֽיךָ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ שֶׁיְּ֒הֵא שִֽׂיחַ שִׂפְתוֹתֵֽינוּ חָשׁוּב וּמְקֻבָּל וּמְרֻצֶּה לְפָנֶֽיךָ כְּאִלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְנוּ קָרְבַּן הַתָּמִיד בְּמוֹעֲדוֹ וְעָמַֽדְנוּ עַל מַעֲמָדוֹ. כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וּנְשַׁלְּ֒מָה פָרִים שְׂפָתֵֽינוּ: וְנֶאֶמַר וְשָׁחַט אֹתוֹ עַל יֶֽרֶךְ הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ צָפֹֽנָה לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה וְזָרְ֒קוּ בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֲנִים אֶת־דָּמוֹ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ סָבִיב: וְנֶאֱמַר זֹאת הַתּוֹרָה לָעֹלָה לַמִּנְחָה וְלַחַטָּאת וְלָאָשָׁם וְלַמִּלּוּאִים וּלְזֶֽבַח הַשְּׁ֒לָמִים: Master of the Worlds, You commanded us to bring the Daily offering at its appointed time; and have the Kohanim perform their service, and the Levites [sing and play music] on the platform, and the Israelites [attend] at their Ma'amad.24All of Israel was divided into twenty-four divisions. Representatives of each division—in rotation—spent one week at a time in Jerusalem in attendance upon the services of the daily offerings, which were offered on behalf of all Jewry. Each such group, or maamad, represented all the Israelites at the services. And now, because of our sins, the Holy Temple is destroyed, and the Daily offering discontinued; we have neither a Kohein at his service, nor a Levite on his platform, nor an Israelite at his Ma'amad. Therefore let it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that the prayer of our lips be considered, and accepted and regarded favorably before You, as if we had offered the Daily offering at its appointed time, and stood in attendance at its service, as it has been said,25Hosea 14:3. Let the offering of our lips replace bullocks. And it is said, And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron's sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar. And it is said, This is the law of the burnt-offering, the meal-offering, the sin-offering, the guilt-offering, the inauguration-offerings and the peace-offerings.
בראש חודש מוסיפים: On Rosh Chodesh add:
וּבְרָאשֵׁי חָדְשֵׁיכֶם תַּקְרִֽיבוּ עֹלָה לַיהוָֹה פָּרִים בְּנֵי־בָקָר שְׁנַֽיִם וְאַֽיִל אֶחָד כְּבָשִׂים בְּנֵי־שָׁנָה שִׁבְעָה תְּמִימִם: וּשְׁלשָׁה עֶשְׂרֹנִים סֹֽלֶת מִנְחָה בְּלוּלָה בַשֶּֽׁמֶן לַפָּר הָאֶחָד וּשְׁ֒נֵי עֶשְׂרֹנִים סֹֽלֶת מִנְחָה בְּלוּלָה בַשֶּֽׁמֶן לָאַֽיִל הָאֶחָד: וְעִשָּׂרֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן סֹֽלֶת מִנְחָה בְּלוּלָה בַשֶּֽׁמֶן לַכֶּֽבֶשׂ הָאֶחָד עֹלָה רֵֽיחַ נִיחֹֽחַ אִשֶּׁה לַיהוָֹה: וְנִסְכֵּיהֶם חֲצִי הַהִין יִהְיֶה לַפָּר וּשְׁלִישִׁת הַהִין לָאַֽיִל וּרְבִיעִת הַהִין לַכֶּֽבֶשׂ יָֽיִן זֹאת עֹלַת חֹֽדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ לְחָדְשֵׁי הַשָּׁנָה: וּשְׂעִיר עִזִּים אֶחָד לְחַטָּאת לַיהוָֹה עַל עֹלַת הַתָּמִיד יֵעָשֶׂה וְנִסְכּוֹ: And on your Rosh Chodesh days you shall bring a burnt-offering to Adonoy. Two young bullocks, one ram, seven male yearling lambs without blemish. And three-tenths [of an epha26Three-tenths of an ephah is a measure in volume equal to the displacement of:129-3/5 eggs.] of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for each bullock; and two-tenths27Two-tenths of an ephah is the equivalent of 86-⅖ eggs. of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for the one ram. And one-tenth28One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour each for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for each lamb; a burnt-offering of pleasing savor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. Their libations shall be: half a hin29The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. for [each] bullock, a third of a hin for the ram, and a fourth of a hin for each lamb—wine; this is the burnt-offering of Rosh Chodesh, each Rosh Chodesh, for [all] the Rosh Chodesh days of the year. And one he-goat for a sin-offeing30This offering atoned for unintentional defilement of the Sanctuary and its holy vessels. to Adonoy, in addition to the daily burnt-offering and its libation.
קבעו לשנות אחר פרשת התמיד פרק איזהו מקומן וברייתא דרבי ישמעאל כדי שיזכה כל אדם ללמוד בכל יום מקרא משנה וגמרא. דברייתא דרבי ישמעאל הוי במקום גמרא, שהמדרש כגמרא: (שו"ע או"ח נ, א) The following sequence of Mishnayos and the selection from Sifra "Rabbi Yishmael Says," were inserted after the Scriptural selections dealing with daily-offerings in order to give every Jew the opportunity to study/recite daily, the minimum of selections from Scripture, Mishnah, and Talmud. Even though Sifra is not actually a Talmudic tractate, it is a Tanaitic expansion of Mishnah. (See Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 50:1).
הא דתקינו לשנות פרק 'איזהו מקומן', לפי שאין בכל אותו פרק מחלוקת והיא משנה ברורה למשה מסיני. (ב"י) (The following are Mishnayos found in the fifth chapter of Maseches Zevachim.)
משנה א אֵיזֶהוּ מְקוֹמָן שֶׁל זְבָחִים קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים שְׁחִיטָתָן בַּצָּפוֹן פָּר וְשָׂעִיר שֶׁל יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שְׁחִיטָתָן בַּצָּפוֹן וְקִבּוּל דָּמָן בִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת בַּצָּפוֹן וְדָמָן טָעוּן הַזָּיָה עַל בֵּין הַבַּדִּים וְעַל הַפָּרֹֽכֶת וְעַל מִזְבַּח הַזָּהָב מַתָּנָה אַחַת מֵהֶן מְעַכָּֽבֶת: שְׁיָרֵי הַדָּם הָיָה שׁוֹפֵךְ עַל יְסוֹד מַעֲרָבִי שֶׁל מִזְבֵּֽחַ הַחִיצוֹן אִם לֹא נָתַן לֹא עִכֵּב: MISHNAH I Where are the offerings slaughtered [in the Holy Temple?] The holiest of offerings31These include all burnt-offerings, sin-offerings and guilt-offerings. are slaughtered on the north side [of the Altar]. The bullock and he-goat of Yom Kippur are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood is received32The blood was received directly from the throat of the animal. in a sacred vessel, on the north side. Their blood must be thrown between the poles33The High Priest actually stood between the poles of the Ark and sprinkled the blood once above [on the Ark Cover] and seven times below [the Ark Cover]. [of the Ark], and in front of the curtain34Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy. and upon the Gold Altar;35The Gold Altar stood inside the Holy confines, whereas the Copper or Outer Altar stood in the Courtyard. [omission of] any one of these applications prevents [atonement].36Atonement was achieved only upon completion of the service of sprinkling the blood. The remainder of the blood [in the vessel] he [the Kohein] would pour on the western base of the Outer Altar; [but] if he did not do so, it did not prevent [atonement].
משנה ב פָּרִים הַנִּשְׂרָפִים וּשְׂעִירִים הַנִּשְׂרָפִים שְׁחִיטָתָן בַּצָּפוֹן וְקִבּוּל דָּמָן בִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת בַּצָּפוֹן וְדָמָן טָעוּן הַזָּיָה עַל הַפָּרֹֽכֶת וְעַל מִזְבַּח הַזָּהָב מַתָּנָה אַחַת מֵהֶן מְעַכָּֽבֶת: שְׁיָרֵי הַדָּם הָיָה שׁוֹפֵךְ עַל יְסוֹד מַעֲרָבִי שֶׁל מִזְבֵּֽחַ הַחִיצוֹן אִם לֹא נָתַן לֹא עִכֵּב אֵֽלּוּ וָאֵֽלּוּ נִשְׂרָפִין בְּבֵית הַדָּֽשֶׁן: MISHNAH II The bullocks that are burned entirely, and the he-goats that are burned entirely,37A bullock was brought as a burnt-offering in one of two cases:
It was brought as an atonement when the entire nation sinned unknowingly, as a result of an erroneous ruling by the Sanhedrin, Supreme Court; it was brought by the Kohein Gadol when he sinned unknowingly as a result of an erroneous interpretation of the law on his part.
A he-goat was brought as an atonement when the king sinned in similar circumstances, or when an entire tribe committed an idolatrous sin. are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood is received in a sacred vessel, on the north side; their blood must be thrown in front of the curtain38Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy. and upon the Gold Altar; [omission of] any one of these applications prevents [atonement]. The remainder of the blood [in the vessel] he [the Kohein] would pour on the western base of the Outer Altar; [but] if he did not do so, it did not prevent [atonement]. These [offerings] and those39This includes the Yom Kippur offerings mentioned in Mishnah I. are burned at the place where the ashes were put.40The ashes removed from the Outer Altar every morning were deposited outside Jerusalem. The sin-offerings burned there did not have to be burned by a Kohen, but could be burned by an Israelite.
משנה ג חַטֹּאת הַצִּבּוּר וְהַיָּחִיד אֵֽלּוּ הֵן חַטֹּאת הַצִּבּוּר שְׂעִירֵי רָאשֵׁי חֳדָשִׁים וְשֶׁל מוֹעֲדוֹת שְׁחִיטָתָן בַּצָּפוֹן וְקִבּוּל דָּמָן בִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת בַּצָּפוֹן וְדָמָן טָעוּן אַרְבַּע מַתָּנוֹת עַל אַרְבַּע קְרָנוֹת, כֵּיצַד עָלָה בַכֶּֽבֶשׁ וּפָנָה לַסּוֹבֵב וּבָא לוֹ לְקֶֽרֶן דְּרוֹמִית מִזְרָחִית, מִזְרָחִית צְפוֹנִית, צְפוֹנִית מַעֲרָבִית, מַעֲרָבִית דְּרוֹמִית, שְׁיָרֵי הַדָּם הָיָה שׁוֹפֵךְ עַל יְסוֹד דְּרוֹמִי וְנֶאֱכָלִין לִפְנִים מִן הַקְּ֒לָעִים לְזִכְרֵי כְהֻנָּה בְּכָל מַאֲכָל לְיוֹם וָלַֽיְלָה עַד חֲצוֹת: MISHNAH III The communal and individual sin-offerings— these are the communal sin-offerings: The he-goats offered on Rosh Chodesh and on the Festivals are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood must be received in a sacred vessel, on the north side; their blood requires four applications [one] on each of the four corners.41Of the Outer Altar. How [was this done]? He [the Kohein] went up the ramp [of the Altar]42The ramp led up to the Altar from its south side. It was 32 cubits long and 16 cubits wide, and provided the Kohanim with access to the ledge which ran around the Altar, and upon which they were able to stand while performing their service. and turned to the ledge [bordering the Altar]; he came to the southeast corner, the northeast corner, the northwest corner, the southwest corner.43At each of these corners, he would apply the blood. He poured the rest of the blood at the southern base [of the Altar]. These offerings were eaten within the Temple Courtyard by the male Kohanim, prepared in any fashion,44It could be cooked or roasted. on that day and [the following] night until midnight.
יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּ֒פָנֶֽיךָ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ אִם נִתְחַיַּֽבְתִּי חַטָּאת שֶּׁתְּ֒הֵא אֲמִֽירָה זוּ מְרֻצָּה לְפָנֶֽיךָ כְּאִֽלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְתִּי חַטָּאת: May it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, if I have committed a sin which requires, the bringing of a sin-offering, that this recitation be acceptable before you as if I had brought a sin-offering.
משנה ד הָעוֹלָה קֹֽדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים שְׁחִיטָתָהּ בַּצָּפוֹן וְקִבּוּל דָּמָהּ בִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת בַּצָּפוֹן וְדָמָהּ טָעוּן שְׁתֵּי מַתָּנוֹת שֶׁהֵן אַרְבַּע וּטְעוּנָה הֶפְשֵׁט וְנִתּֽוּחַ וְכָלִיל לָאִשִּׁים: MISHNAH IV The burnt-offering is one of the holiest offerings. It is slaughtered on the north side and its blood is received in a sacred vessel on the north side; its blood requires two applications which are [like] four.45The blood was applied against the southwestern and northeastern corners of the Altar and spread along both sides of each corner so that all four sides of the Altar received the blood. It must be skinned, severed into parts, and totally consumed by the fire.46The Kohanim received no part of the meat which was burned, but they shared in the hide.
יְהִי רָצוֹן כְּאִֽלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְתִּי עוֹלָה: May it be Your will as if I had brought a burnt-offering.
משנה ה זִבְחֵי שַׁלְמֵי צִבּוּר וַאֲשָׁמוֹת, אֵֽלּוּ הֵן אֲשָׁמוֹת אֲשַׁם גְּזֵלוֹת אֲשַׁם מְעִילוֹת אֲשַׁם שִׁפְחָה חֲרוּפָה אֲשַׁם נָזִיר אֲשַׁם מְצוֹרָע אָשָׁם תָּלוּי, שְׁחִיטָתָן בַּצָּפוֹן וְקִבּוּל דָּמָן בִּכְלִי שָׁרֵת בַּצָּפוֹן, וְדָמָן טָעוּן שְׁתֵּי מַתָּנוֹת שֶׁהֵן אַרְבַּע, וְנֶאֱכָלִין לִפְנִים מִן הַקְּ֒לָעִים לְזִכְרֵי כְהֻנָּה בְּכָל מַאֲכָל לְיוֹם וָלַֽיְלָה עַד חֲצוֹת: MISHNAH V Communal peace-offerings47The communal peace-offering were the two lambs offered on Shavuos (Leviticus 23:20). and guilt-offerings. These are the guilt-offerings: the guilt-offering for robbery,48This offering was brought when a person denied and swore falsely that he had been entrusted with something for safekeeping. the guilt-offering for unauthorized use of sacred objects, the guilt-offering for violating a betrothed handmaiden,49This offering was brought only when the handmaiden was half-slave, half-free and was betrothed to an Israelite servant. the guilt-offering of a Nazirite,50This offering was brought by a Nazirite who had become ritually defiled by a dead body. the guilt-offering of a metzora,51This offering was brought by the metsora when he was cured and declared undefiled by the Kohein. the guilt-offering for suspension.52This offering was brought by a person in doubt whether an act he had committed required a sin-offering. These are slaughtered on the north side and their blood received in a sacred vessel on the north side; their blood requires two applications which are [like] four.53See note 1 on Mishnah IV. These [offerings] were eaten within the Courtyard by the male Kohanim, prepared for eating in any fashion.54See note 4 on Mishnah III. On that day and [the following] night until midnight.
יְהִי רָצוֹן מִלְּ֒פָנֶֽיךָ יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ וֵאלֹהֵי אֲבוֹתֵֽינוּ אִם נִתְחַיַּֽבְתִּי אָשָׁם שֶּׁתְּ֒הֵא אֲמִֽירָה זוּ מְרֻצָּה לְפָנֶֽיךָ כְּאִֽלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְתִּי אָשָׁם: May it be Your will Adonoy, our God, and God our our fathers, if I have committed a sin which requires the bringing of a guilt-offering that this recitation be acceptable before You as if I had brought a guilt-offering.
משנה ו הַתּוֹדָה וְאֵיל נָזִיר קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים שְׁחִיטָתָן בְּכָל־מָקוֹם בָּעֲזָרָה וְדָמָן טָעוּן שְׁתֵּי מַתָּנוֹת שֶׁהֵן אַרְבַּע, וְנֶאֱכָלִין בְּכָל־הָעִיר לְכָל־אָדָם בְּכָל־מַאֲכָל לְיוֹם וָלַֽיְלָה עַד־חֲצוֹת, הַמּוּרָם מֵהֶם כַּיּוֹצֵא בָהֶם אֶלָּא שֶׁהַמּוּרָם נֶאֱכָל לַכֹּהֲנִים לִנְשֵׁיהֶם וְלִבְנֵיהֶם וּלְעַבְדֵיהֶם: MISHNAH VI The thanksgiving-offering55The thanksgiving-offering was brought when a person was released from captivity, when he recovered from a serious illness, or after traveling overseas or through wilderness. and the ram of the Nazirite56The ram was brought by a Nazirite at the termination of his vow. are of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Temple Courtyard,57These offerings did not have to be slaughtered or have their blood received on the north side of the Altar. and their blood requires two applications which are [like] four; they may be eaten anywhere in the city58The city of Jerusalem. by anyone,59Any Israelite who was circumcised and ritually clean could eat of these offerings. Females were also permitted to eat of those offerings. and prepared for eating in any fashion, [and may be eaten] on that day and the following night until midnight. The portion given to the Kohanim,60The Kohanim received the shoulder and right shank as their portion. They also received a portion of the meal-offerings which accompanied the meat-offerings. has the same rule, but may be eaten only by the Kohanim, their wives, children, and slaves.61Their non-Jewish slaves were permitted to eat of these offerings. The portions of the sin-offerings were however restricted to the male Kohanim. [These slaves were circumcised and were responsible for mitzvos, similar to those incumbent upon women.]
יְהִי רָצוֹן כְּאִֽלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְתִּי תּוֹדָה: May it be Your will as if I brought a thanksgiving-offering.
משנה ז שְׁלָמִים קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים שְׁחִיטָתָן בְּכָל מָקוֹם בָּעֲזָרָה וְדָמָן טָעוּן שְׁתֵּי מַתָּנוֹת שֶׁהֵן אַרְבַּע, וְנֶאֱכָלִין בְּכָל הָעִיר לְכָל אָדָם בְּכָל מַאֲכָל לִשְׁנֵי יָמִים וְלַֽיְלָה אֶחָד: הַמּוּרָם מֵהֶם כַּיּוֹצֵא בָהֶם אֶלָּא שֶׁהַמּוּרָם נֶאֱכָל לַכֹּהֲנִים לִנְשֵׁיהֶם וְלִבְנֵיהֶם וּלְעַבְדֵיהֶם: MISHNAH VII The peace-offerings are [also] of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Courtyard, and their blood requires two applications which are [like] four. They may be eaten anywhere in the city by anyone, and prepared for eating in any fashion, for two days and one night.62That day, the following night and the following day. The portion given to the Kohanim has the same rule, but may be eaten only by the Kohanim, their wives, children, and slaves.
יְהִי רָצוֹן כְּאִֽלּוּ הִקְרַֽבְתִּי שְׁלָמִים: May it be Your will as if I brought a peace-offering.
משנה ח הַבְּ֒כוֹר וְהַמַּעֲשֵׂר וְהַפֶּֽסַח קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים שְׁחִיטָתָן בְּכָל מָקוֹם בָּעֲזָרָה וְדָמָן טָעוּן מַתָּנָה אֶחָת וּבִלְבָד שֶׁיִּתֵּן כְּנֶֽגֶד הַיְסוֹד, שִׁנָּה בַאֲכִילָתָן הַבְּ֒כוֹר נֶאֱכָל לַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַמַּעֲשֵׂר לְכָל אָדָם, וְנֶאֱכָלִין בְּכָל הָעִיר בְּכָל מַאֲכָל לִשְׁנֵי יָמִים וְלַֽיְלָה אֶחָד: הַפֶּֽסַח אֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל אֶלָּא בַלַּֽיְלָה וְאֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל אֶלָּא עַד חֲצוֹת וְאֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל אֶלָּא לִמְנוּיָו וְאֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל אֶלָּא צָלִי: MISHNAH VIII Firstborn animals, the tithe of cattle and the Passover-offering (Pascal lamb) are [also] of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Temple Courtyard, and their blood requires one application provided that it is applied above the base (of the Altar).63The blood was applied on the wall of the Altar which was above the base. [Not all its walls were above the base.] They differ in their consumption: The firstborn is eaten only by Kohanim, while the tithe may be eaten by any person. They may be eaten anywhere in the city, and prepared for eating in any fashion, and may be eaten for two days and one night. The Pascal lamb must be eaten only at night64The night of Passover. and only until midnight; and it may not be eaten except by those registered for it, and it may only be eaten when spit-roasted.65Never cooked, baked, rare, or raw.