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One who Curse His Father or His Mother
Human Ethics
Sources
A
One who insults one’s father or mother shall be put to death.
Exodus 21:17
3) Variantly: "He has cursed his father and his mother": even after death. For (without this verse) would it not follow (that he is not liable), viz.: The striker (of his parents) is liable, and the curser is liable. Just as the striker is liable only in their lifetime, so, the curser. It must, therefore, be written "He has cursed his father and his mother" — even after death. "His blood is in him": (He is to be put to death) by stoning.
Sifra, Kedoshim, Chapter 9 3
GEMARA:
The Sages taught
in a
baraita
that it is written: “For any man who curses his father and his mother shall die;
he has cursed his father and his mother;
his blood shall be upon him” (Leviticus 20:9). This is referring to one who curses his parents even
after
their
death, as
one
might
have thought:
Since one is liable for striking and one is liable for cursing, just as one who strikes is liable only when
his father or mother are
alive, so too, one who curses is liable only when
they are
alive.
…
Sanhedrin 85b:4-6
אביו ואמו קלל HE HATH CURSED HIS FATHER OR HIS MOTHER — These apparently redundant words are intended to include as subject to the death penalty one who curses his parents after their death (Sanhedrin 85b).
Rashi on Leviticus 20:9:1
ומקלל אביו ואמו WHOSOEVER CURSETH HIS FATHER OR HIS MOTHER [SHALL SURELY BE PUT TO DEATH] — Why is this stated in this particular form? Since Scripture says, (Leviticus 20:9) “For every man who execrateth his father [or his mother shall surely be put to death]” I might say that I have here only the law that a man who curseth his father or his mother is punishable with death. Whence do I know that this is also the case if a woman curseth her father or her mother? Scripture therefore states here, “Whosoever curseth father or mother” — whosoever generally — intimating that it applies to both man…
Rashi on Exodus 21:17:1-2
To not curse father and mother:
To not curse father and mother, as it is stated (Leviticus 20:9), “Any man that curses his father and his mother, etc.” And the truth is that the main warning of cursing father and mother is not from Scripture, since here it only mentions the punishment of the one that curses; and so [too,] that which is written in the Order of
Mishpatim
(Exodus 21:17), “And he who curses his father and his mother shall surely be killed” — there too, it only spoke about the punishment…
Sefer HaChinukh 260:1
(Lev. 20:9:) “For anyone whatever who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.” So too is it stated (Exod. 21:17), “He who curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.” Solomon said (in Prov. 20:20), “[If someone] curses his father or mother, his light will go out [at the approach of darkness].” Our masters said, “Because Ham saw his father's nakedness, even though he did not utter a curse at him, he and his descendants have been alienated until the end of the whole world. How much the more so for one who does curse his father!” Scripture says (in Prov…
Midrash Tanchuma, Kedoshim 15:1
And he who curseth his father or his mother by the Great Name, dying he shall die by being stoned with stones.
Targum Jonathan on Exodus 21:17
MISHNA:
One who curses his father or his mother is not liable
to be executed by stoning
unless he curses them with the name
of God. If
he cursed them with an appellation
of the name of God,
Rabbi Meir deems
him
liable, and the Rabbis deem
him
exempt.
Sanhedrin 66a:6
In any situation where a person is obligated to take an oath to his son, we always saw that he never obligated him to take an oath that involves a curse. Instead, he should have him take an oath that does not involve a curse.
We already explained, that when a father kills his son, none of the slain person's brothers becomes "the redeemer of the blood."
The Torah showed concern not only for striking or cursing one's parents, but also for shaming them. Anyone who shames his parents, even with words alone or merely with an insinuation, is cursed by the Almighty…
Mishneh Torah, Rebels 5:15
FOR WHATSOEVER MAN THERE BE THAT CURSETH HIS FATHER OR HIS MOTHER. The meaning thereof is that it refers back to the beginning of the section where He stated,
Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father
, and He now states here,
for whatsoever man there be
that does not obey [this commandment] and
curseth his father, or his mother, he shall surely be put to death
, and by way of the Truth, [the mystic teachings of the Cabala], this verse is here stated because He had said [above],
Sanctify yourselves therefore, and by ye holy…
Ramban on Leviticus 20:9:1
§ It is stated in the mishna that if
both
uncertain fathers
were priests,
the son is exempt from punishment for striking and for cursing them.
The Sages taught:
If
he struck this
uncertain father,
and then struck that one,
or if
he cursed this one and then cursed that one,
or if
he cursed both of them simultaneously
or
struck both of them simultaneously,
in all these cases
he is liable
to receive capital punishment, as one of them is certainly his father…
Yevamot 101a:1-3
Another matter: “
Ish ish
” – that is what is written: “I will give to you and to your descendants after you, the land of your residence…” (Genesis 17:8).
“I will give to you” (Genesis 17:8) – that is what is written: “As the Lord your God walks [in the midst of your camp]” (Deuteronomy 23:15). That is what is written: “Now, children, listen to me.… Distance your way from her.… lest you give [your glory] to others.… lest strangers be sated with your strength” (Proverbs 5:7–10). What is, “Now, children…
Bamidbar Rabbah 9:7
The Gemara suggests:
Come
and
hear
a proof from a
baraita
: In the case of
one who emerges
from the court condemned
to be executed and his son came and struck him or cursed him,
the son is
liable
to be executed for striking or cursing his father. If
another came and struck him or cursed him,
he is
exempt. And we discussed it
as follows:
What is different
about the case where
his son
strikes or curses him that he is liable,
and what is different
about the case where
another
strikes or curses him that he is…
Sanhedrin 85a:8
Related
ראו גם
Honoring Parents
Cursing
Fathers
One who Wounds His Father or Mother
Mother
Curses
Respect and Awe of Parents and Insubordination to Them
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