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Laws of the Yom Kippur Service
Laws of Worship of God
Sources
A
MISHNA:
Each action
performed in the context of the service
of Yom Kippur stated
in the mishna, as in the Torah, is listed
in order. If
the High Priest
performed
one of the
actions before another, he has done nothing.
If
he performed
the sprinkling of
the blood of the goat before
the sprinkling of
the blood of the bull, he
must
repeat
the action
and sprinkle the blood of the goat after
sprinkling
the blood of the bull,
so that the actions are performed in the proper order…
Yoma 60a:9-61a:9
MISHNA:
If
the High Priest
read
the Torah
in
sacred white
fine linen garments, he
then
sanctified his hands and feet
as he did each time before removing the priestly vestments. He then
removed
the linen garments,
descended
to the ritual bath,
and immersed.
Afterward he
ascended and dried himself
with a towel,
and they brought him
the
golden garments
of the High Priesthood,
and he dressed
in them
and sanctified his hands and feet.
…
Yoma 70a:11-23
§ We learned in the mishna:
They spread a sheet of fine linen
between the High Priest and the people in the interest of modesty. The Gemara asks:
What is different
that they specifically used a sheet
of fine linen?
The Gemara answers: It is
as Rav Kahana said
with regard to a related issue:
So that he will be aware that the service of the day
of Yom Kippur is performed
in fine linen garments. Here, too,
a linen sheet was used
so that he will be aware that the service of the day
of Yom Kippur is performed
in fine linen garments.
…
Yoma 31b:2-33a:1
MISHNA:
The priest then
came to
the
eastern
side
of the
Temple
courtyard,
farthest from the Holy of Holies,
to
the
north of the altar. The deputy
was
to his right, and the head of the patrilineal family
belonging to the priestly watch that was assigned to serve in the Temple that week was
to his left. And
they arranged
two goats there, and there was a
lottery
receptacle there, and in it were two lots. These were
originally made of
boxwood…
Yoma 37a:4
MISHNA:
It is stated:
“And he shall go out to the altar that is before the Lord
, and make atonement for it; and he shall take of the blood of the bull, and of the blood of the goat, and place it upon the corners of the altar round about” (Leviticus 16:18).
This
altar
is the golden altar,
since the outer altar is not before the Lord in the Sanctuary.
He began to cleanse
the altar, sprinkling the blood
downward. From where does he begin?
He begins
from the northeast corner,
and proceeds to the
northwest
corner…
Yoma 58b:1-59a:12
Rather, if
the statement
of Rafram was stated,
it
was stated with regard to this
case,
as it is taught
in a
baraita
: The verse states with regard to the scapegoat of Yom Kippur:
“And he shall send it away with an appointed man
into the wilderness” (Leviticus 16:21). The word
“man”
is mentioned in order
to render a non-priest fit
for this task. The term
“appointed”
indicates that the scapegoat is always sent away at the appropriate time,
even
when the appointed man is
in
a state of
ritual impurity…
Keritot 14a:17
The Gemara asks a question: What should the High Priest do if
the blood
of the bull
became mixed with the blood
of the goat before he finished all the sprinklings?
Rava said:
He should
present
from the mixture
once upward and seven
times
downward, and that counts toward
both
this
one
and that
one, as he has sprinkled from both of them.
They said this
answer
before Rabbi Yirmeya
in Eretz Yisrael, whereupon
he said: Foolish Babylonians! Because they live in a dark,
low
land, they speak darkened
halakhot
…
Yoma 57a:11-57b:6
The Gemara addresses another apparently superfluous phrase in the same chapter: “And the priest shall put some of the blood upon the corners of
the altar of sweet incense
before the Lord” (Leviticus 4:7).
Why do I
need the verse to mention the sweet incense? It would have been enough to identify the altar as being “before the Lord” and one would have understood that the reference is to the inner altar. Rather, this serves to teach
that if the altar had not been inaugurated with sweet incense,
the priest
would not sprinkle
blood on it.
Zevachim 40b:4
If
Yom Kippur occurs on Shabbat, the loaves are distributed at night,
at the conclusion of the fast, since they may not be eaten during the day. If Yom Kippur
occurs on Friday,
i.e., when the holy day begins on Thursday evening,
the goat
sin offering
of Yom Kippur is eaten
by the priests
at night,
i.e., on Friday night, as it may be eaten only on the day that it is sacrificed or during the following night, until midnight.
And
since there is no possibility of cooking the meat, as one may not cook on Yom Kippur or Shabbat,
the Babylonians,
i.e…
Menachot 99b:14
MISHNA:
The Sages
provided
the High Priest
with Elders
selected
from the Elders of the court, and they
would
read before him the order
of the service
of the day
of Yom Kippur.
And they
would
say to him: My Master, High Priest. Read
the order of the service
with your own mouth,
as
perhaps you forgot
this reading
or perhaps you did not learn
to read.
On Yom Kippur eve
in the
morning,
the Elders
stand him at
the
eastern gate
of the courtyard
and pass before him bulls and rams and…
Yoma 18a:7
The Gemara asks:
And Rabbi Shimon, what does he do with this
phrase:
“In the Tent of Meeting,”
from which Rabbi Yehuda derives that the blood must be placed on all four corners of the altar? The Gemara answers: Rabbi Shimon
requires
the phrase
“in the Tent of Meeting”
to teach
that if the roof of the Sanctuary was breached
by a hole, the priest
would not sprinkle
the blood, as it would no longer be called the Tent of Meeting. The Gemara asks:
And the other
tanna
, Rabbi Yehuda…
Zevachim 40a:8-11
MISHNA:
The Yom Kippur service continues: The High Priest
comes over to the scapegoat, places both his hands upon it, and confesses. And he would say as follows: Please, God, Your people, the house of Israel, have sinned, and done wrong, and rebelled before You. Please, God, grant atonement, please, for the sins, and for the wrongs, and for the rebellions that they have sinned, and done wrong, and rebelled before You, Your people, the house of Israel, as it is written in the Torah of Moses Your servant…
Yoma 66a:10-66b:8
§ It is taught in the mishna:
And he furls the Torah
scroll,
and places it on his bosom,
and says: More than what I have read before you is written here. The Gemara comments:
And why
must he say
all of this?
It is
so as to not cast aspersions on
the
Torah scroll,
because people might think the portion that he read by heart is not written there. It is stated in the mishna that
he reads by heart
the portion beginning with:
“And on the tenth,” from the book of Numbers
(29:7–11)…
Sotah 41a:8-14
§
We learned
in a mishna
there: And all
of the animals whose blood was spilled, as stated in the mishna,
render ritually impure the garments
of those who are occupied with burning them. If a bull or goat was slaughtered, but their blood spilled after one stage of atonement, and another animal is brought to complete the sprinkling, the first animal is burned, an action that renders ritually impure the garments of the individuals who perform the burning.
And
each of
these
first animals
is burned in the place of the ashes…
Yoma 61b:9
Abaye said to
Rav Yosef:
We heard with regard to Rabbi Shimon that he says: A sin-offering
belonging to
partners is not
left to
die, as it is taught
in a
baraita
: In a case where
a bull and a goat of Yom Kippur were lost, and one designated other
animals
in their place,
and then the lost animals were found,
they shall all
be left to
die;
this is
the statement of Rabbi Yehuda. Rabbi Elazar and Rabbi Shimon say: They shall graze
until they develop a blemish…
Horayot 6a:13
The Gemara asks:
And
is it so that
anywhere that statute is written with regard to
a certain matter,
we do not learn an
a fortiori
inference?
But
what
about Yom Kippur, with regard to which statute is written:
“And this shall be an everlasting statute unto you” (Leviticus 16:34),
and
nevertheless
it is taught
in a
baraita
: “And Aaron shall bring forward the goat upon which the lot came up for the Lord,
and he shall offer it for a sin offering”
(Leviticus 16:9)…
Chullin 24a:2
§ The mishna (25b) teaches that the priests
would not sleep
dressed
in the sacred vestments;
rather, they would remove them and place them beneath their heads. The Gemara infers from here that
it is
only
sleep that is not
permitted while a priest is dressed in the sacred vestments, lest he pass wind during his sleep.
But
with regard to wearing such vestments while the priests are awake and engaged in various activities, e.g.,
walking, they may walk
about dressed in the vestments, even when they do not need to wear them for the Temple service…
Tamid 27a:14
MISHNA:
During
all seven days
of the High Priest’s sequestering before Yom Kippur,
he sprinkles the blood
of the daily burnt-offering,
and he burns the incense, and he removes
the ashes of
the lamps
of the candelabrum,
and he sacrifices the head and the
hind
leg
of the daily offering. The High Priest performs these tasks in order to grow accustomed to the services that he will perform on Yom Kippur.
On all the other days
of the year,
if
the High Priest
wishes to sacrifice
any of the offerings,
he sacrifices them…
Yoma 14a:3
MISHNA:
If the High Priest
sought to sleep
at night,
the young priests
would
snap the middle [
tzerada
] finger
against the thumb
before him, and they
would
say to him
every so often:
My Master, High Priest. Stand
from your bed
and chill
yourself
once on the floor
and overcome your drowsiness.
And they
would
engage him
in various ways
until the time would arrive to slaughter the
daily offering.
Yoma 19b:11
§ The Gemara suggests:
Let us say
that the dispute between
these
tanna’im
,
Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Shimon, who disagree with regard to a case of impurity involving the public,
is like
the dispute between
those
tanna’im
, as it was taught
in a
baraita
:
Both
in
this
case of a High Priest prior to Yom Kippur
and
in
that
case of a priest prior to burning the red heifer, on
all seven
days of his sequestering
one sprinkles upon him
purification water mixed with ashes from
all the
previous red heifer…
Yoma 8a:6
Related
ראו גם
Temple Service of Yom Kippur
Sheets
דפי מקורות
Related Sheets
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