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Laws of Sukkot
Laws of the Calendar
Sources
A
The
baraita
continues: On
the first Festival day of
Sukkot
, they read from the portion of the Festivals
found
in Leviticus
(Leviticus 22:26–23:44),
and they read as the
haftara
the portion of
“Behold the day of the Lord comes”
(Zechariah 14), which mentions the festival of
Sukkot
. The Gemara comments:
And nowadays,
in the Diaspora,
when there are two
Festival
days
of
Sukkot
,
on the next day, they read the same
Torah portion…
Megillah 31a:14-15
§ The mishna continues:
Immediately
after fulfilling the mitzva of taking the four species on the seventh day of
Sukkot
,
children
remove their
lulavim
from the binding and eat their
etrogim
in an expression of extreme joy.
Rabbi Yoḥanan said: It is prohibited
to derive benefit from the
etrog
on the seventh
day of the festival of
Sukkot
; however,
on the eighth
day
it is permitted. It is prohibited
to derive benefit from the
sukka
even on the eighth
day…
Sukkah 46b:2
The Gemara answers: This is not difficult, since our case
is only similar to
the case mentioned in
the latter clause
of that
baraita
, which reads:
With regard to
the reading of
hallel
and the Scroll
of Esther,
even ten
people
may read
simultaneously.
Apparently, since
these readings
are dear
to their listeners,
they direct their attention
to them, listen attentively, and distinguish between the different readers.
Here too, since
the sounding of the
shofar
is dear
to the listener…
Rosh Hashanah 27a:8
Rava said:
Mention of the
seventh
day
will be superseded.
On the first of the intermediate days outside Eretz Yisrael, the third day of the Festival, the passage beginning “And on the second day” (Numbers 29:17) is mentioned in the additional
Amida
prayer and read in the Torah, and on each succeeding day the succeeding passage is mentioned and read. There is no mention of the seventh day on the eighth day, as that is no longer
Sukkot
but rather the Eighth Day of Assembly…
Sukkah 55a:10
§ The mishna continues: If one established
a
sukka
atop
another
sukka
,
the upper
sukka
is fit and the lower
sukka
is unfit.
The Sages taught
in a
baraita
that the verse states:
“In
sukkot
shall you reside”
(Leviticus 23:42),
and not in a
sukka
that is beneath
another
sukka
, and not in
sukka
that is beneath a tree, and not in a
sukka
that is inside a house.
The Gemara questions that derivation…
Sukkah 9b:8-10
As Rabbi Yoḥanan said in the name of Rabbi Shimon ben Yehotzadak:
On
eighteen days a year, the individual completes
the full
hallel
. And they are: The eight days of the festival
of
Sukkot
, including the Eighth Day of Assembly;
the eight days of Hanukkah; the first Festival
day
of Passover; and the Festival
day
of Assembly,
i.e.,
Shavuot
.
And in the Diaspora,
where a second day is added to each Festival due to uncertainty over the correct date, there
are twenty-one days…
Taanit 28b:6
The Gemara notes:
In Sura they acted in accordance with
the opinion of
Mareimar
and derived benefit from the
etrog
on the eighth day.
Rav Sheisha, son of Rav Idi, acted in accordance with
the opinion of
Abaye.
The Gemara notes:
The
halakha
is in accordance with
the opinion of
Abaye.
§ Apropos the matter of the Eighth Day of Assembly in the Diaspora, the Gemara notes:
Rav Yehuda, son of Rav Shmuel bar Sheilat, said in the name of Rav:
Outside of Eretz Yisrael, on
the eighth
day…
Sukkah 46b:13-47a:4
Rabbi Ḥiyya
said to him: One interrupts and it is of no concern. Rabba said:
On
days when the individual completes
the entire
hallel
,
i.e., the days on which there is a rabbinic obligation to recite
hallel
, an individual
may interrupt between one paragraph and another;
however,
one may not interrupt in the middle of the paragraph.
On
days where the individual does not complete
the entire
hallel
,
i.e., days on which the recitation of
hallel
is merely a custom, not a rabbinic obligation…
Berakhot 14a:4
is
a Festival in and of itself
with regard
to the matter
of:
Peh
,
zayin
,
reish
;
kuf
,
shin
,
beit
.
This is an acronym for:
A lottery [
payis
] in and of itself,
i.e., a new lottery is performed on that day to determine which priests will sacrifice the offerings that day, and the order established on
Sukkot
does not continue; the blessing of
time [
zeman
],
i.e., Who has given us life, sustained us, and brought us to this time,
in and of itself…
Sukkah 48a:1-2
1.
The Laws of Building One Sukkah Under Another Sukkah, 3 Seifim:
Regarding a sukkah that is underneath another sukkah, the top one is valid and the bottom one is invalid. This is so if the bottom one is able to receive pillows and mattresses of the upper one, even with difficulty, and there are ten tefachim between them. However, if there are not ten tefachim between them or there are ten tefachim between them but it is impossible for [the floor of] the upper [sukkah to support a person together with his] pillows and mattresses even with difficulty…
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 628:1-2
The order of Torah reading on Sukkot:
We take out two Torah scrolls. From the first we read "When an ox or lamb..." from Emor [Leviticus 22:27], and from the second we read the maftir from the section on mussaf sacrifices "On the fifth day of the seventh month" [Numbers 29:12]. The haftarah is from Zachariah "Behold a day is coming..." [14:1].
The Order of Circling the Bimah, 3 Seifim:
1. The practice is to bring a Torah scroll to (the bimah) and to circle it once each day and seven times on the seventh day…
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 659:1-662:3
It Is Forbidden to Eat the Etrog on the Seventh Day, 2 Seifim:
1. It is forbidden to eat the etrog on the seventh day because it is dedicated [muktzeh for its mitzvah] all seven days. Even if it is invalidated after performing the mitzvah, it is forbidden all seven days. On Shmini Atzeret, it is permitted. Outside of Israel where they do two days of Yom Tov, it is also forbidden on Shmini Atzeret, though on the ninth day [Simchat Torah] it is permitted, even if it is Sunday. There is one who forbids it if it falls on a Sunday.
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 665:1
The order of prayers on the eighth night and day, 2 Seifim:
1. On the night of Shmini Atzeret, we say in the Amidah "and You gave us this eighth day as a festival of Atzeret."
Rem"a: We do not refer to the eighth day as a "festival" because there is nowhere [in the Torah] that it is called a festival. Rather, we say "the eighth day of Atzeret."
Outside of Israel, they eat in the sukkah at night and during the day because it might be the seventh day. They do not bless on this sitting. We say Kiddush with Shehecheyanu…
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 668:1-669:1
The Order of Hallel during the Festival, 2 Seifim:
1. During Shacharit after the repetition of the Amidah, we take the lulav and bless "on the taking of the lulav" and Shehecheyanu and say full Hallel. The same is done on all eight days. We bless "to finish the Hallel," whether with the community or alone. We do not interrupt during it except for the ways that are done during the reading of the Shema: in the middle [of a section] we greet somebody who we fear and respond to somebody who we respect, and between the sections we greet somebody who we respect and respond to anybody…
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 644:1-645:2
§
Rabbi Yoḥanan said:
With regard to
a
sukka
that is
shaped like a furnace
and is completely round,
if its circumference has sufficient space for twenty-four people to sit in it, it is fit, and if not, it is unfit.
Sukkah 7b:19
GEMARA:
The Gemara asks:
What is
the meaning of
meduvlelet
? Rav said:
It means
an impoverished
sukka
,
i.e., a
sukka
whose roofing is sparse, although at no point in the roofing is there a gap of three handbreadths.
And Shmuel said:
It means that the roofing is aligned with one
reed ascending and
one
reed descending.
There are two layers of roofing, with each reed on the upper layer situated directly above the space between each reed on the lower level…
Sukkah 22a:2-4
§ With regard to the
halakha
in the mishna that a
sukka
more than twenty cubits high is unfit, the Gemara states: If the
sukka
was more than twenty cubits high and one comes to diminish
its height
by
placing
cushions and blankets
on the floor,
it is not a decrease
of halakhic significance. It does not render the
sukka
fit, because in that case one is concerned that the bedding will be ruined and therefore does not intend to leave it there very long…
Sukkah 3b:13-4a:15
§ Apropos decorations,
it was stated:
Sukka
decorations do not diminish the
height of the
sukka
.
Decorations hanging from the roofing are not considered part of the structure and therefore do not diminish the height of the
sukka
. If the roofing is more than twenty cubits above the ground, the decorations hanging within twenty cubits of the ground do not render the
sukka
fit.
Rav Ashi said:
However, if the decorations are spread
on the side
of the roof, they are considered part of the structure and
diminish
the area…
Sukkah 10b:2-11a:10
Mareimar taught:
With regard to
these bundles
of reeds
from Sura
that are bound for sale,
one
may
roof
the
sukka
with them. Although
the seller
bound them, he bound them merely to
ascertain
the number
more readily, and they will not remain bound.
Rabbi Abba said:
With regard to
these huts
made
of willow branches, once their upper ties
holding them together
are undone,
they are
fit
roofing. The Gemara asks:
But aren’t they
still
tied from below? Rav Pappa said:
Rabbi Abba is referring…
Sukkah 13b:2-11
MISHNA:
One
may
roof
the
sukka
with boards
like those used in the ceiling of a house; this is
the statement of Rabbi Yehuda. Rabbi Meir prohibits
their use.
If one placed a board that is four handbreadths wide atop
the
sukka
, the
sukka
is fit.
He fulfills his obligation,
provided he does not sleep beneath
the board.
GEMARA:
Rav said: The dispute is with regard to boards that have four
handbreadths
in their
width, the standard size for boards used in house ceilings…
Sukkah 14a:10-15a:12
Related
ראו גם
Lulav
Sukkot
Sukkah
Etrog
Hoshana Rabbah
Sheets
דפי מקורות
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