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In Front of a Blind Man
Halakhic Principles
Sources
A
You shall not insult the deaf, or place a stumbling block before the blind. You shall fear your God: I am יהוה.
Leviticus 19:14
Cursed be the one who misdirects a blind person who is underway.—And all the people shall say, Amen.
Deuteronomy 27:18
Every article that is forbidden to be sold to a gentile is also forbidden to be sold to a Jewish robber, for by doing so one reinforces a transgressor and causes him to sin.
Similarly, anyone who causes a person who is blind with regard to a certain matter to stumble and gives him improper advice, or who reinforces a transgressor - who is spiritually blind, for he does not see the path of truth, because of the desires of his heart - transgresses a negative commandment, as Leviticus 19:14 states: "Do not place an obstacle in front of a blind man…
Mishneh Torah, Murderer and the Preservation of Life 12:14
§
A dilemma was raised before
the Sages: Is the reason for the prohibition against conducting business with gentiles in the days preceding their festivals
because
the gentile might
profit,
which will bring him joy, and he will subsequently give thanks to his idol on his festival?
Or perhaps
it is because this is a violation of the prohibition:
“And you shall not put a stumbling block before the blind”
(Leviticus 19:14), as one who sells an animal to a gentile thereby aids him in engaging in prohibited idol worship.
Avodah Zarah 6a:14
14) "and before the blind man do not place a stumbling-block.": before one who is "blind" in a certain matter. If someone asks you: "Is that man's daughter fit for (marriage into) the priesthood? Do not tell them that she is "kosher" if she is not. If they ask you for advice, do not give them advice that is unfit for them. Do not say: "Leave early in the morning," so that robbers should assault them. "Leave in the afternoon," so that they fall victim to the heat. Do not say to him "Sell your field and buy an ass," and you seek occasion against him and take (procure) it from him…
Sifra, Kedoshim, Section 2 14
The Gemara further challenges Rabbi Abbahu’s opinion:
And
yet there is the prohibition against eating
a limb
cut
from a living
animal,
as it is written:
“Only be steadfast in not eating the blood; for the blood is the life;
and you shall not eat the life with the flesh”
(Deuteronomy 12:23).
And it was taught
in a
baraita
that
Rabbi Natan says: From where
is it derived
that a person
may
not offer a cup of wine to a nazirite,
who is prohibited from drinking wine…
Pesachim 22b:2
To not make an innocent one stumble on the way:
To not make the Children of Israel stumble, to give them bad advice; but rather we right them when they ask advice, with that which we believe to be right and good advice, as it is stated (Leviticus 19:14), “and you shall not put a stumbling block in front of the blind.” And the language of Sifra, Kedoshim, Section 2:14 [is] “In front of one who is blind about a thing and he takes advice from you, do not give him advice that is not appropriate for him…
Sefer HaChinukh 232:1-2
§
Rav Yehuda says
that
Rav says: Whoever has money and lends it not in
the presence of
witnesses violates
the prohibition of:
“And you shall not place a stumbling block before the blind”
(Leviticus 19:14), as this tempts the borrower not to repay his debt.
And Reish Lakish says: He brings a curse upon himself, as it is stated: “Let the lying lips be dumb, which speak arrogantly against the righteous,
with pride and contempt” (Psalms 31:19), as when the lender comes to claim his money without any proof, people will think he is falsely accusing the borrower…
Bava Metzia 75b:10
The mishna teaches that the Samaritans are
deemed credible
to state
with regard to an animal
that it previously gave birth, and its subsequent offspring does not have the sacred status of a firstborn animal. The Gemara objects:
But
the Samaritans
do not accept
the Sages’ interpretation of the verse:
“And you shall not put a stumbling block before the blind,”
that one may not cause another to sin. Why, then, is their testimony accepted?
Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba says
that
Rabbi Yoḥanan says:
The mishna is referring to a case
where
the Samaritan…
Niddah 57a:6
You shall regard its fruit as closed off.
According to the Moreh Nevuchim (3:37), the reason for
orlah
is because there was an idolatrous law to do certain known things during the planting to quicken the arrival of the fruits. Therefore, these fruits were prohibited so they would not come to these actions. A type of a mitzvah connected to the land that serves to distance one from idol worship is applicable in both Eretz Yisrael and outside of Eretz Yisrael. Afterwards the Torah prohibits the actions they did at the time of planting, as we see later.
Abarbanel on Torah, Leviticus 18:23:1
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