משנה: בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים אֵין נוֹתְנִין אוּנִין שֶׁל פִּשְׁתָּן לְתוֹךְ הַתַּנּוּר אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּהֲבִילוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. וְלֹא אֶת הַצֶּמֶר לַיּוֹרָה אֶלָּא כְדֵי שֶׁיִּקְלוֹט אֶת הָעַיִן. וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. MISHNAH: The House of Shammai say, one does not put bundles of flax into an oven unless they are steamed when it is still daylight14Flax is first soaked in water, then heated in an oven to whiten the fibers. At the start of the heating process the soaked fibers give off steAm., nor wool into a vat unless it may absorb the dye, but the House of Hillel permit it.
הלכה: בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים. אֵין נוֹתְנִין אוּנִין שֶׁלְּפִּשְׁתָּן בְּתוֹךְ הַתַּנּוּר כול׳. מַהוּ מִיתְהַנֵּי. אָמַר רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ. כְּגוֹן אִילֵּין קוּרְייָאֵי דְּלַא מְקַפְּדִין. רַב יְהוּדָה בְשֵׁם שְׁמוּאֵל. וְהִיא שֶׁתְּהֵא הַיּוֹרֶה עֲקוּרָה. אֲבָל אִם הָֽיְתָה הַיּוֹרֶה קְבוּעָה אֲסוּרָה. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מִתְייָרֵא שֶׁמָּא מִתְאַכֵּל צִיבְעוּ וְהוּא מוֹסִיף מוֹי. רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ. בֵּית הִלֵּל יָֽלְפִין מְלֶאכֶת הֵיתֵר מִמְּלֶאכֶת אִיסּוּר. אִילּוּ עָשָׂה כֵן בַּשַּׁבַּת שֶׁמָּא אֵינוֹ אָסוּר. וְדִכְווָתָהּ עָשָׂה כֵן מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם מוּתָּר. HALAKHAH: Mishnah: “The House of Shammai say, one does not put bundles of flax into an oven,”363Quote from Mishnah 10. The discussion is only about the second part of the Mishnah, about the dyer and his vat. etc. What profit does he have? Rebbi Abbahu said, for example these villagers who do not care364Which dyer would start dying on Friday afternoon when he knows the he will not have control over the process and cannot guarantee the outcome? If he dyes cloth for a rural population which is not insistent on quality. Then he can use his installation also on the Sabbath and reduce his overhead to undercut the competition..Rav Jehudah in the name of Samuel: Only if the vat was taken off. But if the vat was fixed, it is forbidden, since he will be afraid that his dye will have been absorbed and he will add water365Even the House of Hillel will allow only to keep the cloth in the dye but not to heat it on the Sabbath since that would require periodically adding water which is a deadly sin on the Sabbath.. Rebbi Samuel in the name of Rebbi Abbahu: The House of Hillel learn permitted work from forbidden work. Would it not be forbidden if he did it on the Sabbath? When he did similarly as long as it is still daytime it is permitted366If the vat is taken off the fire before sundown, the House of Hillel have absolutely no restrictions about what may be done Friday afternoons..