משנה: כַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ה׳ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה עֲשֵׁ֤ה לְךָ֙ שָׂרָ֔ף וְשִׂ֥ים אֹת֖וֹ עַל נֵ֑ס וגו׳. וְכִי נָחָשׁ מֵמִית וּמְחַייֶה. כָּל־זְמַן שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל מִסְתַּכְּלִין כְּלַפֵּי לְמַעְלָן וּמְשַׁעְבְּדִין אֶת לִיבָּן לַאֲבִיהֶן שֶׁבַּשָּׁמַיִם, הָיוּ מִתְרַפְּאִין וְאִם לָאו הָיוּ נִמּוֹקִין. MISHNAH: Similarly, the Eternal said to Moses, yourself make a poisonous snake and put it on a pole113Numbers.21.8">Num. 21:8., etc. Does the snake kill or the snake make live? But in times when Israel look upwards and make their thought subservient to their Father in Heaven they were healed, otherwise they were rotting.
הלכה: אָמַר רִבִּי יָסָא. בְּאַרְבָּעָה מְקוֹמוֹת נֶאֱמַר עֲשֵׂה לְךָ. בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה פִּירֵשׁ וְאֶחָד לֹא פִירֵשׁ. עֲשֵׂ֤ה לְךָ֙ תֵּיבַ֣ת עֲצֵי־גוֹפֶר. עֲשֵׂ֣ה לְךָ֗ שְׁתֵּי֙ חֲצֽוֹצְרוֹת כֶּ֔סֶף. עֲשֵׂ֥ה לְךָ֖ חַֽרְב֣וֹת צוּרִים. עֲשֵׂ֤ה לְךָ֙ שָׂרָ֔ף לֹא פִירֵשׁ. אָמַר מֹשֶׁה. עִיקָּרָהּ לֹא נחש הוּא. לִפִיכָךְ וַיַּ֤עַשׂ מֹשֶׁה֙ נְחַ֣שׁ נְחוֹשֶׁת. מִיכָּן הָיָה רִבִּי מֵאִיר דּוֹרֵשׁ שֵׁמוֹת. חַד בַּר נַשׁ הֲוָה שְׁמֵיהּ כִּידוֹר. אֲמַר לוֹן רִבִּי מֵאִיר. הוֹבֵּא לְכוֹן מִינֵּיהּ. בַּר נַשׁ בִּישׁ הוּא. כִּ֣י ד֤וֹר תַּהְפּוּכוֹת הֵ֔מָּה. HALAKHAH: 114A somewhat extended version is Gen. rabba 31(8). Rebbi Yasa said, in four places it is said “make for yourself.” In three it is explicit, one is not explicit. Make yourself an ark of gopher wood115Genesis.6.14">Gen. 6:14.. Make yourself two silver trumpets116Numbers.10.2">Num. 10:2.. Make yourself flintstone knives117Joshua.5.2">Jos. 5:2.. Make yourself a poisonous snake113Numbers.21.8">Num. 21:8. He did not make explicit. Moses said, is its root not nḥš118The words for “brass” and “snake” both use the root nḥš whose meaning seems to be unrelated to both.? Therefore, Moses made a brass snake119Numbers.21.9">Num. 21:9.. From there, Rebbi Meïr interpreted names120Slightly differently Yoma.83b">Babli Yoma 83b.. There was a man called Kidor. Rebbi Meïr told them, guard yourselves from him, he is a bad person; for a generation of perverts they are121Deuteronomy.32.20">Deut. 32:20..
רִבִּי לִֵוי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חָמָא בַּר חֲנִינָה. וְהָיָה הַנְּשׁוּךְ אֵין כְּתוּב כָּאן אֶלָּא כָּל־הַנָּשׁ֔וּךְ. אֲפִילוּ נְשִׁיכַת כֶּלֶב. אֲפִילוּ נְשִׁיכַת נָחָשׁ. וְלֹא דַמְיָא. נְשִׁיכַת כֶּלֶב וְרָאָ֥ה. נְשִׁיכַת נָחָשׁ וְהִבִּ֛יט. רִבִּי יוּדָה גוֹזְרַיָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי אָחָא. נְשִׁיכַת כֶּלֶב שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִמִּינוּ. וְרָאָ֥ה. נְשִׁיכַת נָחָשׁ שֶׁהוּא מִמִּינוֹ. וְהִבִּ֛יט. וְרַבָּנִן אָֽמְרֵי. נְשִׁיכַת כֶּלֶב שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְחַלְחֵל. וְרָאָ֥ה. נְשִׁיכַת נָחָשׁ שֶׁהוּא מְחַלְחֵל. וְהִבִּ֛יט. Rebbi Levi in the name of Rebbi Ḥama bar Ḥanina. It is not written, “and one bitten”, but and anyone bitten113Numbers.21.8">Num. 21:8., even bitten by a dog, even bitten by a snake. But they do not compare. A dog bite, and he sees113Numbers.21.8">Num. 21:8.; a snake bite, and he gazes119,Numbers.21.9">Num. 21:9.122Gazing needs intent, seeing may be unintentional.. Rebbi Jehudah the circumcizer in the name of Rebbi Aḥa, A dog bite which is not of its kind, and he sees; a snake bite which is of its kind, and he gazes. But the rabbis say, A dog bite which does not make tremble, and he sees; a snake bite which makes tremble, and he gazes.