משנה: אֵין פּוֹחְתִין לָעֲנִייִם בְּגוֹרֶן מֵחֲצִי קַב חִטִּים וְקַב שְׂעוֹרִים. רִבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר חֲצִי קַב. קַב וָחֵצִי כּוּסְמִין וְקַב גְּרוֹגְרוֹת אוֹ מְנָה דְּבֵילָה. רִבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר פְּרָס. חֲצִי לוֹג יַיִן רִבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר רְבִיעִית. רְבִיעִית שֶׁמֶן רִבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר שְׁמִינִית. וּשְׁאָר כָּל־הַפֵּירוֹת אָמַר אַבָּא שָׁאוּל כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּמְכְּרֵם וְיִקַּח בָּהֶם מְזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעֻדּוֹת: MISHNAH: One may not give to the poor from the threshing floor44The tithe of the poor, which is given, rather than abandoned, and for which it is in the hand of the farmer to whom to give and how much. A certain minimum has to be handed out each time. What to do if this reduces the number of poor who can receive something is treated in the next Mishnah. less than half a qab45One sixth of a seah and four log, 2.13 liter; cf. Peah 3:6:1" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Peah.3.6.1">Chapter 3, Note 108. of wheat or a qab of barley; Rebbi Meïr says, half a qab. One and a half qab of spelt, a qab of dried figs or a mina46The weight of 100 silver denar. According to Maimonides in his Commentary, a denar is 96 grains or 6.22 grams. This would make a mina equal to 622 g, about twice the weight of 100 Severan silver denars. R. Isaac Simponti in his commentary identifies the mina with the 1b. of 16 oz. (following Eruvin 29a" href="/Rashi_on_Eruvin.29a">Rashi Erubin 29a), and the log as 12 fl. oz. (.426 liter). Cf. Peah 8:6:1" href="/Jerusalem_Talmud_Peah.8.6.1">Note 75. of fig cake; Rebbi Aqiba says, half. Half a log of wine; Rebbi Aqiba says, a quarter. A quarter of a log of olive oil; Rebbi Aqiba says, an eighth. About all other produce, Abba Shaul says enough so he may sell it and buy food for two meals from the proceeds.
הלכה: תַּנִּי רוֹבַע אוֹרֶז כּוֹלָה תַּבְלִין לִיטְרָא יֶרֶק שְׁלֹשֶׁת קַבִּין חֳרוּבִין חֲצִי לוֹג יַיִן רְבִיעִית שֶׁמֶן. עֲשָׂרָה אֱגוֹזִין חֲמִשָּׁה אֲפַרְסְקִין שְׁנֵי רִימּוֹנִין וְאֶתְרוֹג אֶחָד. מַה טַעְמָא וְאָֽכְלוּ בִשְׁעָרֶיךָ וְשָׂבֵעוּ. תֵּן לוֹ כְדֵי שׂוֹבְעוֹ. חִזְקִיָּה שְׁאַל לְאָבוֹי מְנָא אִילֵּין שֵׁיעוּרָיָא אָמַר לָהֶן אֲהֶן צְרָרָא סְמַךְ הָדָא בִּרְתָּא. רִבִּי חֲנַנְיָה הֲוָה יְתִיב קוֹמֵי רִבִּי אִלַּי וְהוּא אֲמַר טַעֲמִין וְהוּא סְתַר. אֲמַר טַעֲמִין וְהוּא סְתַר אֲמַר לֵיהּ לָא בְּלַן מִסְתּוֹר אֶלָּא מִבְנֵי. HALAKHAH: It was stated47A similar list appears in Eruvin.29a">Babli Erubin 29a in the name of R. Simeon ben Eleazar.: A quarter48A quarter qab equalling one log fluid. of rice, an ukla491/8 of a log. of spices, a pound50A Roman pound of 12 ounces, 345 g. of vegetables, three qab carob, half a log of wine, a quarter of a log of olive oil, ten nuts, five peaches, two pomegranates, one etrog51Citrus medica, also used on the feast of Tabernacles.. What is the reason? (Deuteronomy.26.12">Deut. 26:12) “They shall eat in your gates and be satiated,” give him to satisfy him. Ḥizqiah asked his father: From where do we get all these amounts52Some of them do not appear sufficient for a meal; the amounts seem to be inconsistent with their derivation from the verse.? He said to them53R. Ḥiyya, the father, said to Jehudah and Ḥizqiah, his twin sons., a pebble supports a tower54A slight allusion may be the justification for an elaborate set of rules.. Rebbi Ḥananiah was sitting before Rebbi Ilaï, the latter was giving a reason and the former destroyed it, the latter was giving a reason and the former destroyed it, until he said to him, is it not depraved to destroy instead of building up?
אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא תַּנְיָא אַרְבַּע לִיטְרִין. Rebbi Mana said, one should state “four pounds.55As a minum gift of vegetables, not one pound as in the Baraitha.”
אָמַר רִבִּי לָֽעְזָר וְכֵן לְעֵירוּב. אָמַר רִבִּי חִינְנָא הָדָא דְתֵימַר בְּיַיִן אֲבָל בְּשֶׁמֶן מְעָֽרְבִין בּוֹ מָזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעוּדוֹת. תַּנִּי מְעָֽרְבִין בְּחוֹמֶץ מָזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעוּדוֹת. תַּנִּי מְעָֽרְבִין בְּשֶׁמֶן מָזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעוּדוֹת. רִבִּי יִרְמְיָה בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר רַב יִצְחָק כְּדֵי לִטְבּוֹל בְּיֶרֶק הַנֶּאֱגַד שְׁתֵּי סְעוּדוֹת. רִבִּי יִצְחָק עֲטוֹשָׁיָא אָמַר קוֹמֵי רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְּשֵׁם דּבֵי רִבִּי יַנַּאי אֲפוּנִין חַייִן מְעָֽרְבִין בָּהֶן מָזוֹן שְׁתֵּי סְעוּדוֹת. לְמִי נִצְרְכָה לְרִבִּי מֵאִיר שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר הוֹאִיל וְהֵן מַסְרִיחִין אֶת הַפֶּה אֶין מְעָֽרְבִין בָּהֶן. דָּג מְלִיחַ מְעָֽרְבִין בּוֹ. בָּשָׂר מְלִיחַ מְעָֽרְבִין בּוֹ. בָּשָׂר חַי דְּתַנֵּינָן הַבַּבְלִייִם אוֹכְלִים אוֹתוֹ כְּשֶׁהוּא חַי מִפְּנֵי שֶׁדַּעְתָּן מְקוּלקֶלֶת. רִבִּי יוּדָן בְּעִי הָדָא כלקירא הוּא וְאִילֵּין כּוּתָאֵי אָֽכְלֵי מִינָהּ חַייָה הִיא מְעָֽרְבִין בָּהּ. שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר שִׁילַת בְּשֵׁם רַב פְּעָפוּעִין וְגֻדְגָּדָנִיּוֹת וַחֲלוּגְלוּגוֹת מְעָֽרְבִין בָּהֶן. בְּעוּן קוֹמֵי הֵיידָן וִינּוּן אָמַר לוֹן קַקּוּלֵי וְהִנְדְּקוּקֵי וּפַרְפָּחִינֵיה. Rebbi Eleazar said, the same is valid for an eruv56The entire paragraph is also in Erubin 3:1, the parallel in Eruvin.28a">Babli Erubin28a. On the Sabbath, one may not venture out from one’s town more than 2000 cubits in each direction. [This is a commonly accepted practice; the Biblical commandment (Exodus.16.29">Ex. 16:29): “Nobody shall leave his place on the Sabbath” is interpreted to mean a distance of 12 mil, 24000 cubits.] If somebody needs to go up to 4000 cubits in a certain direction, he may go on Friday afternoon to a distance of 2000 and deposit there food for two meals as eruv for himself. Then he “acquires Sabbath rest” at that spot and may go 2000 cubits from that place in any direction, even if he was not actually there at nightfall Friday evening. Every built-up area is counted as 4 cubits, but the person with an eruv may not go even one step in the opposite direction outside the built-up area. Since the Mishnah states that the poor should get food for two meals as a minumum, these minima also apply to eruv.. Rebbi Ḥinena said, this is for wine, but oil for an eruv must be enough for two meals. It was stated: One may use for eruv vinegar enough for two meals. It was stated: One may use for eruv oil enough for two meals. Rebbi Jeremiah in the name of Rebbi Samuel bar Rav Isaac: For dipping in it bundled vegetables for two meals. Rebbi Isaac Aṭoshaya57From a place ‘Aṭoša, probably not far from Tiberias. He transmits traditions from R. Joḥanan and most of the latter’s students. said before Rebbi Zeïra in the name of the House of Rebbi Yannai: One may use for eruv raw peas enough for two meals. For whom is this statement necessary? For Rebbi Meïr58Tosephta Erubin 6(9):4. Yerushalmi Erubin 3:11, Eruvin.29a">Babli Erubin29a. There R. Meïr decides that onions are not fit for eruv (the Babli applies this only to the leaves, not the bulbs.), that one should not say because they produce bad mouth odor one may not use them for eruv. One may use salted fish for eruv. One may use salted meat for eruv. Fresh meat, as we have stated59Menachot 11:7" href="/Mishnah_Menachot.11.7">Mishnah Menaḥot 11:7, referring to the ram given as sin-offering on a Day of Atonement that falls on the Sabbath; it must be eaten by the priests before the next morning but cannot be cooked. The priests from Babylonia (in the opinion of the Babli, those from Alexandria) ate it raw after the fast. The text of our Mishnah has “because their taste is refined” as a euphemism.: The Babylonians eat it raw because their taste is strange. Rebbi Judan asked: May one use χαλκίς60This word and its meaning are difficult to determine. The Rome manuscript has כלבידה, the Venice text in Erubin כלבודה. These two readings constitute a majority and should be accepted. Levy, followed by all other modern dictionaries, assumes the ב to be an error for כ and reads χαλκίς, a kind of herring, also mentioned as כלכיד in Yerushalmi Niddah 6:1. However, in the Babli (Avodah zarah 39b, Avodah Zarah 5:5-6" href="/Tosefta_Avodah_Zarah.5.5-6">Tosephta Avodah zarah 4:11 printed edition, and elsewhere), this appears as כילבית, but in both manuscripts of the Tosephta, the Munich manuscript of the Babli, and the editio princeps of Alfassi, it is כילכית. Rabbenu Ḥananel explains: a small kosher fish. for eruv since the Samaritans eat it raw? Samuel bar Shilat61In the Babli, he appears as Rav Samuel bar Shilat, a student of Rav, renowned as the devoted school teacher. in the name of Rav: One may use for eruv pa‘apu‘in,gudganiot, and ḥaluglugot. They asked him: what are these? He said to them, καυκαλίς62A plant, melilotus officinalis. In Arabic, קַקַל is cardamom, קַקֻלַּי an alkaline plant; cf. I. Löw, Die Flora der Juden, Vol. 1, p. 490., melilot63Arabic חנדקוקא, a kind of tall clover, only barely digestible. Rashi explains in Berakhot.57b">Berakhot 57b cierges, “candles”, a name used, as also its German equivalent Kerze, to designate tall annual plants., and purslain64Arabic פרפח̇. In both Talmudim, the last identification is ascribed to Rebbi’s slave girl (about her see Berakhot Chap. 3, Note 175)..