משנה: הָיָה עוֹבֵר בַּכֶּרֶם וְנָֽפְלוּ מִמֶּנּוּ זְרָעִים אוֹ שֶׁיָּֽצְאוּ עִם הַזְּבָלִים אוֹ עִם הַמַּיִם. הַזּוֹרֵעַ וְסִיעֲרָתוֹ הָרוּחַ לְאַחֲרָיו מוּתָּר. סִיעֲרָתוֹ הָרוּחַ לְפָנָיו. רִבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר אִם עֲשָׂבִים יוּפָּךְ. וְאִם אָבִיב יִנָּפֵץ. וְאִם הֵבִיאָה דָּגָן יִדָּלֵק. MISHNAH: If somebody was passing through a vineyard and accidentally dropped some seeds, or that seeds were brought there by manure or water, or someone sowed and the wind carried the seeds behind him, all this is permitted70Unintentional contamination has no effect on the status of the vines.. If the wind carried the seeds before him, Rebbi Aqiba says, if they produce greenery it should be plowed under, if they are green stalks, they should be broken, if they produced grain it must be burned71Since the seeds fall on ground to be worked on in the future, he has to clear the ground. If he is derelict in his duties, the growth will be sanctified..
הלכה: אָמַר רִבִּי לָֽעְזָר מַתְנִיתִין בְּעוֹמֵד בִּשְׂדֵה לָבָן וְסִיעֲרָתוֹ הָרוּחַ לִשְׂדֵה כֶרֶם. רִבִּי זְעִירָא בָּעֵי מַה אִיתְאַמָּרַת בְּעוֹמֵד אוֹ אֲפִילוּ עוֹמֵד. אִין תֵּימַר בְּעוֹמֵד בְּלָבָן הָא בִשְׂדֵה כֶרֶם לֹא. אִין תֵּימַר אֲפִילוּ עוֹמֵד הִיא הָדָא הִיא הָדָא. נִישְׁמְעִינָהּ מִן הָדָא רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן הַזּוֹרֵעַ וְסִיעֲרָתוֹ הָרוּחַ לַאֲחוֹרָיו מוּתָּר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא אוֹנֶס. מַה נָן קַייָמִין אִי בְּעוֹמֵד בִּשְׂדֵה כֶרֶם עוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה וְאַתְּ אָמַר מוּתָּר. אֶלָּא כִּי נָן קַייָמִין בְּעוֹמֵד בִּשְׂדֵה לָבָן וְסִיעֲרָתוֹ הָרוּחַ לִשְׂדֵה כֶרֶם. HALAKHAH: Rebbi Eleazar said, our Mishnah speaks of one standing in a grain field while the wind carried the seeds into a vineyard. Rebbi Zeïra inquired72R. Zeïra shows that the statement of R. Eleazar about the part of the Mishnah dealing with windswept seeds is a logical necessity.: Was [the Mishnah] speaking about one standing in [a grain field] or even one standing [in a vineyard]? If you say in a grain field, then not in a vineyard. If you say even one standing [in a vineyard] there is no difference. Let us hear from the following73Tosephta Kilaim 3:12. the arguments of R. Zeïra and R. Eleazar are accepted by Maimonides, Kilaim5:17.: “Rebbi Simeon ben Jehudah said in the name of Rebbi Simeon: If one was sowing and the wind carried the seeds behind him, this is permitted, since it happened by accident.” What are we dealing with? If he stands in the vineyard he is tending it, and you say it is permitted? But we must deal with the case of one standing in a grain field and the wind carried the seeds into a vineyard.
רִבִּי זְעִירָא רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָא. אִם עֲשָׂבִים יוּפָּךְ הַכֹּל מוּתָּר. אִם אָבִיב יִנָּפֵץ הַקַּשִּׁין מוּתָּרִין וְהַדָּגָן אָסוּר. אִם הֵבִיאָה דָּגָן תִּדָּלֵק הַכֹּל אָסוּר. רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר הַכֹּל אָסוּר. מַהוּ הָדָה דְתַנִּינָן אִם עֲשָׂבִים יוּפָּךְ אִם אָבִיב יִנָּפֵץ אִם הֵבִיאָה דָּגָן תִּדָּלֵק. כְּהַהִיא דְתַנִּינָן תַּמָּן הָעָרְלָה וּכְלָאֵי הַכֶּרֶם אֶת שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לִישָׂרֵף יִשָּׂרֵף אֶת שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לִיקָבֵר יִקָּבֵר. Rebbi Zeïra, Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish in the name of Rebbi Hoshaia: “If they produce greenery it should be plowed under:” all is permitted. “If they are green stalks, they should be broken:” the straw is permitted but the grains are forbidden. “If they produced grain it must be burned:” all is forbidden. Rebbi Joḥanan said, all is forbidden. What does our statement mean, “if they produce greenery it should be plowed under, if they are green stalks, they should be broken, if they produced grain it must be burned”? It parallels what we have stated there74Mishnah Temurah 7:5. There, Rashi in the Babli explains that “what usually is buried” is fluids, “what usually is burned” is produce. This cannot be the position of R. Joḥanan here. Maimonides in his Commentary explains the Mishnah following R. Hoshaia, whose position is easily squared with the Mishnah in Temurah, but in his Code (loc.cit.) he follows R. Joḥanan since it is the position of the Babli that in a disagreement between R. Joḥanan and R. Simeon ben Laqish, practice almost always follows R. Joḥanan. (For orlah cf. Note 94).: “Orlah and kilaim of a vineyard. Anything that usually is buried should be buried. Anything that usually is burned should be burned.”
רִבִי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אִידִי בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶן לָקִישׁ פְּעָמִים שֶׁהַקַּשִּׁין מוּתָּרִין וְהַדָּגָן אָסוּר. פְּעָמִים שֶׁהַקַּשִּׁין אֲסוּרִין וְהַדָּגָן מוּתָּר. הֵיךְ עֲבִידָא זָרַע בְּהֵיתֵר וְסִיכֵּךְ עַל גַּבָּיו הַקַּשִּׁין מוּתָּרִין וְהַדָּגָן אָסוּר. זָרַע בְּאִיסּוּר וְהֶעֱבִיר אֶת הַסְּכָךְ הַקַּשִּׁין אֲסוּרִין וְהַדָּגָן מוּתָּר. רִבִּי זְעִירָא בָּעֵי נִיחָא הַקַּשִּׁין מוּתָּרִין וְהַדָּגָן אָסוּר. הַקַּשִּׁין אֲסוּרִין וְהַדָּגָן מוּתָּר גָּדַל מִתּוֹךְ אִיסּוּר וְאַתְּ אֲמַר מוּתָּר. רִבִּי זְעִירָא כְדַעְתֵּיהּ. דְּאָמַר רִבִּי זְעִירָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹנָתָן בָּצֵל שֶׁל כִּלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם שֶׁעֲקָרוֹ וּשְׁתָלוֹ אֲפִילוּ מוֹסִיף כַּמָּה אָסוּר שֶׁאֵין גִּידּוּלֵי אִיסּוּר מַעֲלִין אֶת הָאִיסּוּר. Rebbi Jacob bar Idi in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish: Sometimes, the straw is permitted but the grain is forbidden, and sometimes the straw is forbidden and the grain is permitted. How is that? If his sowing was permitted but later he trained the leaves of a vine over it, the straw is permitted but the grain is forbidden If he sowed where it was forbidden and then removed the overhanging growth, the straw is forbidden but the grain is permitted75It is assumed that the grain developed only after the kilaim were removed. Then the grain is permitted. Similarly, in the first case it is assumed that the vines were drawn over the grain only after the stalks reached their full height, then the stalks grew while permitted and are permitted.. Rebbi Zeïra inquired: It is understandable that the straw would be permitted but the grain forbidden. If the straw should be forbidden and the grain permitted, it grew while forbidden and you say is is permitted? Rebbi Zeïra follows his own opinion, as Rebbi Zeïra said in the name of Rebbi Jonathan: An onion from kilaim in a vineyard that he removed from the soil and planted anew is forbidden even if it increases manifold, since growth of what is forbidden can never justify forbidden produce76Since the onion is a root bulb, the root determines the growth of the plant. Since the root is forbidden, its growth will always be forbidden, even if the greens grow only after the kilaim were removed. “Justify” here means that there is enough of permitted produce (60, 100, or 200 times the amount of other produce, as the case may be) so that the prohibited produce should be considered negligible. It is asserted here that growth from a forbidden root is never permitted..