משנה: דְּלַעַת בְּיֶרֶק יֶרֶק. בִּתְבוּאָה נוֹתְנִין לָהּ בֵּית רוֹבַע. הָֽיְתָה שָׂדֵהוּ זְרוּעָה תְבוּאָה וּבִיקֵּשׁ לִיטַּע בְּתוֹכָהּ שׁוּרָה שֶׁל דִּילוּעִין נוֹתְנִין לַעֲבוֹדָתָהּ שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים. וְאִם הִגְדִּילָה יַעֲקוֹר מִלְּפָנֶיהָ. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר נוֹתְנִין לָהּ לַעֲבוֹדָתָהּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. אָֽמְרוּ לוֹ הֲתַחְמוֹר זוֹ מִן הַגֶּפֶן. אָמַר לָהֶן מָצִינוּ שֶׁזּוֹ חֲמוּרָה מִן הַגֶּפֶן. שֶׁל גֶּפֶן יְחִידִית נוֹתְנִין לָהּ עֲבוֹדָתָהּ שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים. וְלִדְלַעַת יְחִידִית כָּל־שְלֹשָׁה דִילוּעִין בֵּית רוֹבַע. רִבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רִבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל לְבֵית סְאָה לֹא יָבִיא זֶרַע לְתוֹךְ בֵּית סְאָה. רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן הַחוֹטֵף אֶפְרָתִי מִשּׁוּם רִבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל כָּל־שְלֹשָׁה דִילוּעִין לְבֵית כּוֹר לֹא יָבִיא זֶרַע לְתוֹךְ בֵּית כּוֹר. MISHNAH: Pumpkin in the middle of vegetables goes by the rules of vegetables98In this last Mishnah dealing with kilaim on fields, we are back to considering fields, not garden plots. The rule referred to is Mishnah 2:10 which prescribes an empty space of six by six hand-breadths square., in the middle of grain it needs a bet rova‘. If one’s field was sown with grain and he desired to plant there one row of pumpkin99Adhering to the minimal length of a row as given in Chapter 2., he must allow six hand-breadths to tend it.100Even though pumpkin plants spread widely, to start out one needs only a separating strip six hand-breadths wide for access. However, if the pumpkin should spread to the fallow strip, one must remove additional grain to maintain an access strip to the pumpkins that is one cubit wide. [This is the interpretation of Maimonides in his Commentary; in his Code (Kilaim 3:13), following the Gaonim, he requires only that grain be removed if the leaves of the pumpkin grow over the entire strip. R. Abraham ben David also adheres to the Gaonic interpretation. R. Simson is silent in the matter.] If it grows, he has to uproot before it. Rebbi Yose said, he allows four cubits to tend it. They104The anonymous Sages to R. Yose. This Mishnah is the continuation of the previous one. said to him, are you making this more restrictive than for a vine? He said to them, we find that this case is more restrictive than that of a vine. For a single vine105Not only a single vine, but up to five vines in a single row; cf. Mishnah 4:5 according to the House of Hillel. one allows six hand-breadths to tend it, but for a single pumpkin a bet rova‘. Rebbi Meir says in the name of Rebbi Ismael, if there are three pumpkin plants in a bet seah one should not sow106Sowing grain, the topic discussed in the Mishnah. R. Ismael, in this version, expects a single pumpkin plant to spread over 2500/3 = 833.3 square cubits. in that bet seah. Rebbi Yose, the son of the Snatcher from Efrat107This personage is mentioned only here; nothing is known about him., says in the name of Rebbi Ismael, if there are three pumpkin plants in a bet kor one should not sow in that bet kor108In this version, a single pumpkin occupies 10 bet seah = 25'000 square cubits..
הלכה: אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן דִּבְרֵי רִבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אֲפִילוּ שׁוּרָה יְחִידִית נוֹתְנִין לָהּ עֲבוֹדָה. HALAKHAH: Rebbi Joḥanan said: The words of Rebbi Ismael imply that one allows space for tending even for a single row.101This sentence seems to indicate that the Mishnah follows R. Ismael. This is convincing, as R. Aqiba in the previous Mishnah requires only one furrow of separation. (Commentary by R. Eliahu Fulda.)
מַהוּ לִיתֵּן עֲבוֹדָה לָרִאשׁוֹן. כְּמַה דְּתֵימַר גַּבֵּי כֶרֶם נוֹתְנִין עֲבוֹדָה לָרִאשׁוֹן. אוּף הָכָא נוֹתְנִין עֲבוֹדָה לָרִאשׁוֹן. מַהוּ לִזְרוֹעַ בֵּין הַגּוּמוֹת. כְּמַה דְּתֵימַר גַּבֵּי כֶרֶם אָסוּר לִזְרוֹעַ בֵּין הַגְּפָנִים. אוּף הָכָא אָסוּר לִזְרוֹעַ בֵּין הַגּוּמוֹת. Does one allow space for tending the first plant? Just as you say in regard of a vineyard that one gives space for tending the first plant, so here also one allows space for tending the first plant102This is an explicit Tosephta, Kilaim 2:13. Since it is formulated as an Amoraic argument, that Tosephta was not known to the editors of the Yerushalmi.. May one sow between the holes103This refers to pumpkins that are not sown but planted, transferred as saplings from another plot where many seeds were grown. The saplings are put into separate depressions, very widely spaced. Does one have the right to sow plants between these depressions as long as the pumpkin has not spread into the cubit adjacent to the seeds? (If the pumpkin spreads, then the Mishnah has stated that one must clear the ground before it.)? Just as you say in regard of a vineyard that one may not sow between the vines, so here also one may not sow between the holes.
רִבִּי יוֹנָה בָּעֵי נָטַע חֲמִשָּׁה דִּילוּעִין וּסְמָכָן לְגֶדֶר מַהוּ לִיתֵּן לָהֶן הוֹלָכַת עָרִיס. Rebbi Jonah asked: If somebody planted five pumpkins and trained them to grow on a fence, does one give it the rules of a trellis109It is explained in Mishnah 6:1 that five vines in a row growing on a trellis form a vineyard and, therefore, require the full space of four cubits for tending. The question is whether pumpkins climbing a fence as trellis also are considered a full row and need separation on both sides. The question is not answered.?
מַהוּ בְּכָל־הַדִּילוּעִין מְשַׁעֲרִין אוֹ לֹא. כָּל־מָקוֹם שֶׁעָשִׂיתָ קִישׁוּת וּפוּל הַמִּצְרִי כִדְלַעַת יְװָנִית אַתְּ עוֹשֶׂה דְּלַעַת מִצְרִית כִּדְלַעַת יְװָנִית. וְכָאן שֶׁלֹּא עָשִׂיתָ קִישׁוּת וּפוּל הַמִּצְרִי כִדְלַעַת יְװָנִית. אֵין אַתְּ עוֹשֶׂה דְּלַעַת מִצְרִית כִּדְלַעַת יְװָנִית. Does one estimate so for all kinds of pumpkins110Is “pumpkin” in the Mishnah a generic name, or does it apply only to Greek gourd that has the most expansive leaves? The Mishnah applies only to Greek gourd. Melon and Egytian beans are treated in parallel with pumpkin in Halakhah 2:11.? Every place at which you made green melon and Egyptian beans equal to Greek gourd, you make Egyptian pumpkin equal to Greek gourd. Here, where you did not make melon and Egyptian beans equal to Greek gourd, you do not make Egyptian pumpkin equal to Greek gourd.
וְיָתִיבִינֵיהּ הֲרֵי הַמְּקַייֵם קְלָחִים לַחִין לְזֶרַע יְחִידִים צָרִיךְ לְהַפְנוֹת לָהֶם בֵּית רוֹבַע אוֹ לַעֲשׂוֹת לָהֶם מְחִיצָה גְבוֹהָה עֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים. קַל הוּא בְשׁוּרָה. מִן מַה דְלָא מְתִיב לֵיהּ. הָוֵי כֵן רִבִּי יוֹסֵי סָבַר מֵימַר הִיא שׁוּרָה הִיא מְרוּבַּע. דְּאָמַר רִבִּי יוֹנָה וְרִבִּי יוֹסֵי גָלִילָאָה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי חֲנִינָה הַמְּקַייֵם קֶלַח אֶחָד בְּתוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ לְזֶרַע צָרִיךְ לְהַפְנוֹת לוֹ בֵּית רוֹבַע אוֹ לַעֲשׂוֹת לוֹ מְחִיצָה גְבוֹהָה עֲשָׂרָה טְפָחִים. אֲפִילוּ מִין בְּמִינוֹ. הָתִיב רִבִּי בּוּן בַּר חִייָה קוֹמֵי רִבִּי זְעִירָא. וְהָתַנִּינָן כּוּסְבָּר שֶׁזְּרָעָהּ לְזֶרַע יַרְקָהּ פָּטוּר. אָמַר לֵיהּ שַׁנְייָא הִיא כּוּסְבָּר שֶׁהִיא וְזַרְעָהּ נֶאֱכָלִין. Why did they not object to him111Why did the Sages not find an answer to the argument of R. Yose in the Mishnah?: If someone keeps single fresh stalks growing to produce seeds, must he not clear around them a bet rova‘ or fence them in by a fence of ten hand-breadths? For a row one is more lenient112If a plant is grown for its greens and the seeds are not edible, then, as will be stated, plants grown for seeds are considered a kind different from those grown for food and, on a field, are subject to all rules of separation for kilaim. Nevertheless, if the plants raised for seeds form a row, they are under the general rules for rows. This is all according to the anonymous majority opinion in the Mishnah. Hence, for them, the argument of R. Yose is totally irrelevant, since his argument is about single plants!. Since they did not object to him, it follows that Rebbi Yose thinks that row and square113One plant in the middle of a square as in Mishnah 5:5. are the same. For Rebbi Jonah and Rebbi Yose the Galilean114The third generation Amora, not the third generation Tanna whose title is always given in Hebrew. said in the name of Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Ḥanina: He who keeps a single fresh stalk growing to produce seeds must clear around it a bet rova‘ or fence it in by a fence of ten hand-breadths, even if it is the same kind115If a vegetable is grown for its edible parts then the same vegetable grown to produce seeds has the status of a different crop.. Rebbi Abun bar Ḥiyya objected before Rebbi Zeïra, did we not state116Mishnah Ma‘serot 4:5: “If coriander was sown for its seeds, the greens of it are exempt; if it is sown for greens, both greens and seeds must be tithed.” The question is really about the second part of the sentence, not quoted in the text: If it is sown for greens, the seeds also must be tithed. Hence, the seeds cannot be considered a different crop. Why should plants grown for seeds have to be fenced off from the rest of the field? The answer is that they do not have to be fenced off but that the rule of R. Yose ben R. Ḥanina refers only to plants whose seeds are not eaten with the rest of the plant.: “If coriander was sown for its seeds, its greens are exempt?” He answered him, coriander is a special case since both the plant and its seeds are eaten.
אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי בּוּן בּוֹא וּרְאֵה מַה בֵין תְּחִילַּת רִבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל לְסוֹפוֹ. שֶׁתְּחִילָּתוֹ בְּבֵית כּוֹר וְסוֹפוֹ בְּבֵית סְאָה. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, come and see the difference between the early and the late statements of Rebbi Ismael! He started out with a bet kor and ended up with a bet seah́117Since it is known that Rebbi Meir went to study with R. Ismael after the death of R. Aqiba, the opinion first quoted in the Mishnah in the name of R. Ismael is in fact the opinion of R. Ismael in his old age. It follows that the second opinion in the Mishnah is earlier in time; it may be ascribed to R. Ismael in his earlier years. (This is the explanation of R. Moses Margalit, supported by the mss. R. Simson switches bet kor and bet seah in the statement to adapt them to the order of the Mishnah.)!